Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 1

What are the other functions of NO?

Answer 1

causes vasodilatation (cGMP mediated), mediate macrophage bactericidal activity, inhibitor of platelet aggregation, neurotransmitter in the brain.

Question 2

What is the pentose phosphate pathway?

Answer 2

its an alternate pathway of glucose metabolism which occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells

Question 3

Sugars produced in the PPP enter glycolysis as what?

Answer 3

fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehy-3-phosphate

Question 4

What is the rate limiting step in PPP?

Answer 4

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 5

If the cell needs ribose 5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis, what occurs?

Answer 5

the ribulose 5-phosphate is diverted to ribose 5-phosphate which is attached to purines or pyrimidines to form nucleosides and then phosphate is attached to the complex to form nucleotides.

Question 6

If the cell needs more NADPH, what occurs?

Answer 6

then the ribose-5-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate undergo nonoxidative reactions of PPP to form glycolytic intermediaries and then to glucose-6-phosphate which again enters into PPP.

Question 7

If cell has sufficient NADPH, what occurs?

Answer 7

the non-oxidative reaction intermediates will form glycolysis intermediaries like fructose 6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate which will undergo glycolysis to produce pyruvate and release energy as ATP.

Question 8

If the cell has sufficient NADPH but needs ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis, what occurs?

Answer 8

then the glycolytic intermediaries fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate will undergo non-oxidative reactions of PPP and provide ribose-5-phosphate.

Question 9

Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 monooxygenase is used in what?

Answer 9

biosynthesis of steroid hormones

Question 10

Microsomal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase is associated with what and used in what?

Answer 10

associated with smooth ER and used in drug detoxification

Question 11

Defects in what can cause chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)

Answer 11

one of the four subunits of NADPH

Question 12

Who are most affected by G6PDH?

Answer 12

African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian people; men

Question 13

Drugs that would trigger ROS generation in G6PDH patients are what?

Answer 13

anti-malarial, sulfonamides, certain analgesics, some non-sulfa antibiotics

Question 14

hemolytic response to the consumption of broad beans

-all individuals with this show 6PDH deficiency

Answer 14

Flavism

Question 15

In G6PDH, RBCs have impaired ability to do what?

Answer 15

detoxify ROS