Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
During the initial 12 hours of fasting, energy for the brain and other tissues comes from where?
completely from glucose released from glycogen
When does gluconeogenesis increase?
after the first 12 hours of fasting
Between 12-24 hours of fasting, what occurs?
both declining glycogen degradation and peaking gluconeogenesis provide glucose to brain and other tissues
After 24 hours, what is the source of blood glucose?
solely gluconeogenesis
From the 7th day of starvation onwards, what is the energy source for the brain?
ketone bodies and partly gluconeogenesis
In the fed state, what suffices the energy needs?
dietary carbohydrates provide glucose for energy needs
lactate converted to pyruvate by what?
lactate dehydrogenase using NAD+
Alanine is converted to pyruvate by what?
Alanine Amino Transferase
the process by which glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precurors
gluconeogenesis
Where does gluconeogenesis mainly occur?
the liver, under fasting conditions
what enzyme converta glycerol to glycerol 3-phosphate?
glycerol kinase
what are the 4 important enzymes in gluconeogenesis?
- glucose-6-phosphate
- fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
- PEP carboxylase
- pyruvate carboylase
- lactate acidosis
- hypoglycemia
- mental retardation
- hyperammonemia
- hypotonia
pyruvate carboxylase deficiency
what converts ethanol to toxic acetaldehyde?
alcohol dehydrogenase
what converts acetaldehyde to non toxic acetate?
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)
