Penicillins Flashcards
Groups of penicillins
Narrow-spectrum
Penicillinase-resistant
Extended spectrum
Groups of extended spectrum penicillins + their drugs (4 drugs)
Aminopenicillins - amoxicillin + ampicillin
Antipsuedomonal penicillins - piperacillin + ticarcillin)
Narrow-spectrum penicillins (2 drugs)
Penicillin V
Penicillin G
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (2 drugs)
Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Acid-stable penicillins (3 drugs)
Amoxicillin
Dicloxacillin
Penicillin V
Acid-liable penicillins (2 drugs)
Ticarcillin
Piperacillin
Which penicillins can only be adm parenterally?
Ticarcillin
Piperacillin
Do penicillins cross BBB?
Only when inflamed
Long-acting forms of penicillin G + adm
Adm IM
Procaine penicillin G
Benzathine penicillin G
Narrow-spectrum penicillins - indications
Streptococcal inf
Penicillin G - indicaions
Syphilis, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, gas gangrene
Penicillin V - indications
Pharyngitis
Penicillinase-restistant penicillins - indications
Osteomyelitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, skin & soft tissue infections
Amoxicillin is often combined with (drug + group of drug)
Clavulanate
Beta-lactamase inhibitor
Ampicillin is often combined with (drug + group of drug)
Sulbactam
Beta-lactamase inhibitor
Amoxicillin - indications
Otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, UTIs. Bite wounds (combo with clavulanate)
Ampicillin - indications
Meningitis, decubitus, diabetic foot ulcers, endocarditis, lyme disease
Piperacillin is often combined with (drug + group of drugs)
Tazobactam
Beta-lactamase inhibitor
Antipsuedomonal penicillins - indications
Intra-abdominal, skin, soft tissue inf.
Pneumonia
Complicated UTIs
Penicillins - adverse effects
Hypersensitivity (urticaria, anaphylaxis, serum sickness, hepatitis)
Seizures (high doses), superinfections, psuedomembranous colitis
Ampicillin - adverse effects
Maculopapular rash
