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pcol > Penecillins > Flashcards

Penecillins Flashcards

1
Q

Long half-lives
● The drug is released slowly
● Cross the blood-brain barrier when
meninges are inflamed
● Excreted by the kidneys; dose
adjustment may be required

A

Penecilin G

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2
Q

Penecillin obstructed by food

A

Penecillin V

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3
Q

ROA of Penecillin G

A

IM/IV

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4
Q

ROA of Penecillin V

A

PO

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5
Q

Penecillins ara Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic

A

Bactericidal

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6
Q

T/F Penecillins Prevents bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to and inhibiting cell wall transpeptidases

A

T

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7
Q

What drug cause the Inhibition of transpeptidase enzyme that act to cross-link linear______ chains

A

Penecillin; Peptidoglycan

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8
Q

Penecillin activates _________ _________ that cause lesions in the bacterial cell wall

A

Autolytic enzymes

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9
Q

Clinical Applications:

Streptococci
● Meningococci
● Gram (+) bacilli and some gram (+) rods
● Spirochetes
● Treponema pallidum
● Clostridium sp., Actinomyces

A

Penecillin G

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10
Q

Clinical Applications:

● Treponema pallidum - neurosyphilis
● B-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis
● Streptococci, meningococci, and
pneumococci infections
● Enterococci

A

BENZATHINE & PROCAINE PENICILIN G

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11
Q

DOC of Treponema pallidum

A

Penecillin G

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12
Q

Clinical Applications:

● Oropharyngeal infections
● Infections by aerobic Gram (+) bacteria
and some Gram (-) cocci (gonococci and meningococci)

A

Penecillin V

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13
Q

Toxicities:

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction - lesions, tachycardia, hypervetilation, myalgia, fever, sepsis; 1-3 hrs after antibiotics

A

Penecillin

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14
Q

Narrow Spectrum Beta Lactams

A

Penecillin G, Benzathine and Procaine Penecillin G, Penecillin V

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15
Q

VERY NARROW SPECTRUM PENICILLINASE RESISTANT AGENTS AGAINST S. AUREUS

A

Methicillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin

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16
Q

WIDER SPECTRUM PENICILLINASE SUSCEPTIBLE DRUGS

A

Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin

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17
Q

Very Narrow Spectrum Penecillins are partly excreted in _____

A

Bile

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18
Q

Where is dose adjustment required?

A

Narrow Spectrum Penecillin

19
Q

What Penecillin is highly protein bound

A

Nafcillin

20
Q

Prototype antistaphylococcal drug

A

Methicillin

21
Q

Clinical Applications:

Serious staphylococcal infections (endocarditis)

A

Nafcillin and Oxacillin

22
Q

Clinical Applications:

Mild to moderate localized staphylococcal infections

A

Dicloxacillin

23
Q

Toxicites:

useless against MRSA

A

Methicillin

24
Q

Toxicities:

Neutropenia

A

Nafcillin

25
Q

Toxicities:

Interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin

26
Q

Toxicities:
Hepatitis

A

Oxacillin

27
Q

Pkinetics:

Acid-stable; can be orally absorbed

A

Ampicillin and Amoxicillin

28
Q

Are Amoxicillin and Ampicillin impaired by food

A

Yes

29
Q

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with amoxicillin

A

Clavulanic acid

30
Q

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with ampicillin

A

Sulbactam

31
Q

What Penecillin inhibitors is used with piperacillin

A

Tazobactam

32
Q

Penecillin tubular excretion is inhibited by

A

Probenecid

33
Q

Polar/Non Polar
Excreted in urine

A

Polar

34
Q

Pkinetics:

Plasma half-life vary from 30 min to 1 h

A

Ampicillin and Nafcillin

35
Q

What drug is immune to Gram -

A

Amoxicillin

36
Q

Penecillin G against enterococci is enhanced with

A

Aminoglycoside

37
Q

Clinical application:

Penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) strains

A

Penecillin G

38
Q

DOC of Pneumococcal infections

A

Ampicillin

39
Q

Clinical Applications:

Susceptible organisms
● Shigella
● Anaerobes
● Enterococci
● L. monocytogenes
● β-lactamase-negative
strains
o Gr(-) cocci o Gr(-) bacilli
o E. coli
● Salmonella sp.

A

Amoxicillin and Ampicillin

40
Q

Clinical Application:
Enhanced selectivity against Gr(-) rods
● Pseudomonas – nosocomial infections
● Enterobacter
● Klebsiella

A

Piperacillin and Tiracillin

41
Q

causes maculopapular rashes

A

Ampicillin

42
Q

GI disturbance is usually caused by

A

Ampicillin

43
Q

Causes Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Ampicillin

pcol (8 decks)

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