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Repro Anatomy > Pelvis and perineum 2 > Flashcards

Pelvis and perineum 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 categories can the male reproductive system be organised into?

A

External genitalia
The gonads
The tube system
The accessory glands

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2
Q

What are the gonads?

A

Where gametes/sex cells are produced

Site of male sex hormones

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3
Q

What is the function of the tube system?

A

For transporting the sperm from the gonads

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4
Q

What is the function of the accessory glands?

A

Support the sperm and lubricate the copulatory organs

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5
Q

What organs are involved in the male reproductive system?

A 
Testis 
Vas deferens or Ductus deferens 
Seminal glands
Prostate 
Epididymis
Bulbourethral glands
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6
Q

Where are the gonads located?

A

Outside the abdominopelvic cavity

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7
Q

What is the name of the canal that the testis pass through during development?

A

Inguinal canal

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8
Q

What are the deep and superficial openings of the inguinal canal?

A

Internal/deep ring

External/superficial ring

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9
Q

What is the name of the group of structures that the inguinal canal carries?

A

The spermatic cord

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10
Q

What does the spermatic cord contain?

A 
Protection- Pampiniform plexus 
Doesn't- Ductus Deferens 
Contribute- Cremasteric artery
To- Testicular artery
A- Artery of ductus deferens 
Good- Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Sex- Sympathetic nerve fibres
Life- Lymphatic vessels
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11
Q

What shape are the testes?

A

Ovoid

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12
Q

What are the testes suspended in?

A

The scrotum

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13
Q

What is the tough outer fibrous layer of the testes called?

A

Annulus

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14
Q

What are the names of the two layers of tunica vaginalis that surround the testes?

A

Parietal and visceral laminae

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15
Q

What material is present between the 2 layers of tunica vaginalis that surround the testes?

A

Serous fluid

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16
Q

What is hydrocele?

A

Scrotum is swollen due to fluid accumulation in the sheath which surrounds the testicle

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17
Q

What is hydrocele caused by?

A

Inflammation or injury within the scrotum

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18
Q

What is haematocele?

A

Collection of blood in the scrotum of males

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19
Q

What is the cause of a haematocele?

A 
Testicular rupture (80% of cases) 
A tear in the pampiniform plexus veins
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20
Q

Where is the blood supply of the testis from?

A

Abdominal aorta

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21
Q

What is the name of the arteries that supply the testis?

A

Testicular arteries

22
Q

At what vertebral level do the testicular arteries branch from the abdominal aorta?

A

L2-L3

23
Q

What structures near the pelvic brim do the testicular arteries cross before going into the inguinal canal?

A

Genitofemoral nerve

Ureter

24
Q

What canal do the testicular arteries travel through?

A

Inguinal canal

25
Q

What veins are associated with the testis?

A

Pampiniform venous plexus

26
Q

What is the Pampiniform venous plexus made up of?

A

8-12 anastomosing veins

27
Q

What is the function of the pampinform plexus?

A

Absorb body heat from the testes and scrotum

28
Q

Into which vein does the right testicular vein drain?

A

Inferior vena cava

29
Q

Which vein does your left testicular vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

30
Q

What is a varicocele?

A

Enlargement of veins within the scrotum

31
Q

What is the main cause of varicocele?

A

Defective valves within the veins

32
Q

What is testicular torsion?

A

Blood supply to testis cut off

33
Q

Which two groups of lymph nodes receive lymph from the testis?

A

Lateral lumbar nodes

Pre-aortic nodes

34
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the prostate?

A

Internal iliac nodes

Sacral nodes

35
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the seminal vesicle?

A

Internal iliac nodes

External iliac nodes

36
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

37
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the penis?

A

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

38
Q

Where is the epididymis?

A

Attached to the body of the testis

39
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

Stores sperm that is produced by the testis

40
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

Muscular tube

Arises from the tail of the epididymis

41
Q

What does the vas deferens terminate to form?

A

Ejaculatory duct

42
Q

How does the vas deferens join the pelvis?

A

By crossing over the external iliac vessels

43
Q

What are the seminal glands?

A

Paired structures located on either side of the posterior surface of the bladder

44
Q

What do the seminal vesicles produce?

A

Semenogelin

45
Q

What is produced by the prostate gland?

A

Prostaglandins

46
Q

What is another name for the bulbourethral glands?

A

Cowper’s glands

47
Q

What are the bulbourethral gland?

A

Small, paired structures

48
Q

Where are the bulbourethral glands?

A

Urogenital diaphragm

49
Q

What do the bulbourethral glands empty into?

A

Penile/ spongy urethra

50
Q

What do the bulbourethral glands produce?

A

Cowper’s fluid-alkaline mucus like fluid

Repro Anatomy (4 decks)

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