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Pelvic Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Sublumbar muscles

A

Iliopoas (Iliacus + Psoas major); Sartorius (cranial part); Rectus femoris (of quadriceps muscle); Tensor fascia lata

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2
Q

Function of sublumbar muscles

A

flexors of hip

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3
Q

Iliopsoas

A

F: flex hip
O: ventral ilium & transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter of femur

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4
Q

Sartorius (cranial part)

A

F: flex hip
O: tuber coxae
I: tibial crest

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5
Q

Rectus femoris (of quadriceps muscle)

A

F: flex hip
O: ilium
I: tibial tuberosity

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6
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

F: flex hip; extends stifle
O: tuber coxae
I: (aponeurosis) lateral femoral fascia, patella, & lateral tibial crest

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7
Q

Dorsolateral muscles

A

Superficial Gluteus; Middle Gluteus; Deep Gluteus; Piriformis

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8
Q

Function of dorsolateral muscles

A

extensors of hip

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9
Q

Superficial gluteus

A

F: extends hip; abducts limb
O: sacrococcygeal fascia
I: proximal part of femur

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10
Q

Middle gluteus

A

F: extends hip; abducts & retracts limb
O: ilium crest & sacrum tuberosity
I: greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

Deep gluteus

A

F: extends hip; abducts & retracts limb
O: shaft & wing of ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur

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12
Q

Caudodorsal muscles of hip

A

Quadratus Femoris; Gemelli; Obturator Internus; Obturator Externus

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13
Q

Function of caudodorsal muscles of hip

A

outward rotators of hip

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14
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

F: outward rotator of hip
O: ventral surface of caudal ischium
I: trochanteric fossa

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15
Q

Gemelli

A

F: outward rotator of hip
O: lateral surface of ischium
I: trochanteric fossa

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16
Q

Obturator Internus

A

F: outward rotator of hip
O: medial to obturator foramen
I: trochanteric fossa

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17
Q

Obturator Externus

A

F: outward rotator of hip
O: ventral aspect of ischium & pubis
I: trochanteric fossa

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18
Q

Note on tendon of Obturator Internus

A

as it leaves the pelvic cavity, it is supported by a bursa
runs over gemelli
anchorage point during repair of perineal hernia

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19
Q

Medial group of muscles

A

Gracilis; Sartorius (Caudal part); Pectineus; Adductor muscle (magnus, brevis, & longus

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20
Q

Function of medial group of muscles

A

adductors of the thigh

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21
Q

Gracilis

A

F: adducts thigh
O: pelvic symphysis
I: cranial tibia/ calcanean tuberosity

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22
Q

Sartorius (Caudal part)

A

F: adducts thigh
O: tuber coxae
I: cranial part of tibia

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23
Q

Pectineus

A

F: adducts thigh
O: iliopubic eminence/ pubic tubercle
I: medial femoral condyle of femur & medial popliteal part of distal femur

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24
Q

Adductor muscle

A

F: adducts thigh
O: (aponeurosis) pelvic symphysis & ischiatic arch
I: lateral proximal part of femur

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25
Q

Note on Gracilis tendon

A

joins w/ Biceps Femoris & Semitendinosus tendons to form the calcanean tendon

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26
Q

Caudal group muscles of the thigh

A

Sacrotuberous ligament; Biceps Femoris (Cranial & Caudal parts); Semimembranosus; Semitendinosus

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27
Q

Function of caudal group muscles of the thigh

A

extensors of the hip
extensors of stifle & hock during weight bearing
flexors of stifle during NON-weight bearing

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28
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament

A

F: extends hip; extends stifle & hock during weight bearing; flexes stifle during non-weight bearing
O: sacrum & coccygeal vertebrae 1
I: ischiatic tuberosity

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29
Q

Biceps Femoris cranial part

A

F: extends hip; extends stifle & hock during weight bearing; flexes stifle during non-weight bearing; abducts limb
O: STL & ischiatic tuberosity
I: (aponeurosis) to patella (fasciae lata & crural fascia), cranial tibia/ calcanean tuberosity

30
Q

Biceps Femoris caudal part

A

F: extends hip; extends stifle & hock during weight bearing; flexes stifle during non-weight bearing; abducts limb
O: STL & ischiatic tuberosity
I: (aponeurosis) to patella (fasciae lata & crural fascia), cranial tibia/ calcanean tuberosity

31
Q

Semimembranosus

A

F: extends hip; extends stifle & hock during weight bearing; flexes stifle during non-weight bearing
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: cranial belly on femur & caudal belly on tibia/femur

32
Q

Semitendinosus

A

F: extends hip; extends stifle & hock during weight bearing; flexes stifle during non-weight bearing
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: medial proximal part of tibia & calcanean tuberosity

33
Q

Note on Biceps Femoris & Semitendinosus tendons

A

join together to form the calcanean tendon

b/w these tendons caudal to the stifle joint is the popliteal lymph node

34
Q

Cranial group muscles of the thigh

A

Quadriceps Femoris (Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Medialis, & Intermediate)

35
Q

Function of cranial group muscles of the thigh

A

stifle extensors

36
Q

Rectus femoris

A

F: extends stifle
O: ilium
I: tibial tuberosity

37
Q

Vastus lateralis, Medialis, & Intermediate (Quadratus Femoris)

A

F: extends stifle
O: proximal end of femur
I: tibial tuberosity

38
Q

Note on Quadriceps femoris tendon

A

has a patella w/in it that articulates w/ the trochlea of the femur
distally, tendon becomes ligamentous & inserts onto the tibial tuberosity

39
Q

Craniolateral groups muscles of the pelvic limb

A

Tibialis Cranialis; Long Digital Extensor; Peroneus/ Fibularis Longus & Brevis; Lateral Digital Extensor; Short Digital Extensor

40
Q

Function of craniolateral group muscle of the pelvic limb

A

flexors of hock and/or extensors of the digits

41
Q

Tibialis Cranialis

A

F: flexes hock
O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: metatarsal II & III

42
Q

Long Digital Extensor

A

F: flexes hock; extends digits
O: extensor fossa of lateral epicondyle of femur
I: extensor process on distal phalanx of all 4 digits

43
Q

Peroneus/ Fibularis Longus

A

F: flexes hock
O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: plantar aspect of all 4 metatarsals & 4th tarsal bone

44
Q

Peroneus/ Fibularis Brevis

A

F: flexes hock
O: medial part of fibula
I: metatarsal V

45
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor

A

F: flexes hock; extends digits
O: proximal fibula
I: middle phalanx of V digit

46
Q

Short Digital Extensor

A

F: flexes hock; extends digits
O: fibular tarsal & proximal ends of metatarsals
I: join w/ Long Digital Extensor on all 4 digits

47
Q

Note on extensor retinaculum

A

holds both tibialis cranialis & LDE at the hock

48
Q

Note on Long Digital Extensor & Extensor Digitorum brevis

A

join together before the tarsus

49
Q

Note on Lateral Digital Extensor & Peroneus Longus

A

run over lateral mallelous

50
Q

Note on Long Digital Extensor tendon

A

crosses stifle joint b/w patellar ligament & lateral patellar ligament
passes through extensor groove of the lateral condyle of the tibia
after crossing the stifle joint, LDE becomes tendinous again at the distal 1/4 of the tibia
held by both retinaculums

51
Q

Caudomedial group muscles of the pelvic limb

A

Deep Digital Flexor (Lateral & Medial Head); Superficial Digital Flexor; Gastrocnemius Muscle (Lateal & Medial Head; Tibialis Caudalis; Popliteus

52
Q

Function of caudomedial group muscle of the pelvic limb

A

extensors of hock and/or flexors of the digits

53
Q

Deep Digital Flexor Lateral Head

A

F: extends hock; flexes digits
O: caudal aspect fibula & tibia
I: all 4 digits on distal phalanx

54
Q

Deep Digital Flexor Medial Head

A

F: extends hock; flexes digits
O:proximal fibula
I: all 4 digits on distal phalanx

55
Q

Superfiical Digital Flexor

A

F: extends hock; flexes digits
O: supracondylar tuberosities & lateral distal femur
I: calcanean tuberosity & middle phalanx of digits II III IV

56
Q

Gastrocnemius Muscle Lateral Head

A

F: extends hock
O: lateral supracondylar crest
I: calcanean tuberosity

57
Q

Gastrocnemius Muscle Medial Head

A

F: extends hock
O: medial supracondylar crest
I: calcanean tuberosity

58
Q

Popliteus

A

F: extends hock; rotates tibia laterally
O: lateral epcondyle of femur
I: medial aspect of the popliteal surface on tibia

59
Q

Note on Lateral Head of DDF tendon

A

runs though tarsal canal over the sustentaculum tali

60
Q

Note on Medial Head of DDF tendon

A

runs over medial malleolus

61
Q

Note on Superfical Digital Extensor tendon

A

twists around Gastrocnemius/ calcanean tenond to gain superficial position & attaches to calcanean tuberosity as fibrous tissue before continuing

62
Q

Note on Gastrocnemius tendon

A

contains fabella
lateral fabella are larger than medial fabella
at hock, Gastrocnemius is being twisted by the SDF tendon
joins w/ calcaneon tendon

63
Q

Note on Popliteus tendon

A

sesamoid where tendon passes over the lateral condyle of the tibia

64
Q

Piriformis

A

F: extends hip
O: last sacral vertebrae
I: greater trochanter of femur

65
Q

Lateral thigh muscles

A

Caudal Crural Abductor & Cranial Crural Abductor

66
Q

Function of lateral thigh muscles

A

abductors of thigh

67
Q

Caudal Crural Abductor

A

F: abducts thigh
O: ischiatic tuberosity & STL
I: crural fascia

68
Q

Cranial Crural Abductor

A

F: abducts thigh
O: 2nd-4th cervical vertebrae
I: fascia lata

69
Q

Tibialis Caudalis

A

F: extends hock; supinates paw
O: proximal medial fibula
I: medial aspect of tarsus

70
Q

Soleus

A

F: extends hock
O: proximal fibula
I: calcaneus
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