Pelvic Cavity, Diaphragm, and Abdomen Flashcards
where is the ASIS located
anterior
it is the bony prominence that sticks out at the front of hip
what does the diaphragm do when it relaxes? is it on the inhale or exhale?
returns to dome shape
exhalation
what does the diaphragm do when it contracts? is it on the inhale or exhale?
it flattens out
inhalation
how does the pelvic floor move with the diaphragm
in unison and passively with breathing
where is the PSIS located
the dimples on your back
what does PSIS stand for
posterior superior iliac spine
what does ASIS stand for
anterior superior iliac spine
what are the 2 perineum triangles
urogenital triangle
anal triangle
muscles of the superficial urogenital triangle
ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosus
superficial transverse perineal
external anal sphincter
3 muscles of the levator ani
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
what is the function of the levator ani
to support the organs in the pelvic inlet
what nerve innervates the pelvic floor muscles
pudendal nerve (S2-4)
what muscle attaches to the xyphoid process
diaphragm
what muscle attaches to the rib angle
iliocostalis
what muscle attaches to the rib external surface
serratus anterior
what ribs are true ribs
1-7
what ribs are false ribs
8-10
what ribs are floating ribs
11 + 12
what are the 2 rib joints
costovertebral joint
costotransverse joint
where does the costovertebral joint articulate
the vertebral body of the vertebrae above
where does the costotransverse joint articulate
on the TP with the tubercle of the rib
what kind of cartilage is the sternocostal joint made of
fibrocartilage
what is the costal margin
ribs in the front you can grap (especially with vacuum contraction)
what structure to spinal nerves leave the spinal cord through
intervertebral foreman
external intercostals run in the same direction as what muscle in the abdomen
external obliques
how do internal and external intercostals help the diaphragm with breathing
internal: brings top ribs down to help close
external brings top ribs up to help open
T2 trunk dermatome
axillia/armpit
T4 trunk dermatome
nipple
T6 trunk dermatome
xyphoid process
T10 trunk dermatome
umbilicus/belly button
what is shingles
virus from chicken pox that inflames a trunk dermatome nerve
what are the 3 openings in the diaphragm and their spinal levels
- inferior vena cava (T8)
- esophagus/vagus nerve (T10)
- aorta (T12)
what spinal levels is the phrenic nerve
C3,4,5 (keep me alive)
what tendon does the heart rest on
the central tendon
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurism
what spinal level does the aorta bifurcate
L4
what does the aorta bifurcate into
external iliac arteries
where is the ischial tuberosity
the butt bone when you sit down
bottom part of pelvis with the holes in the center
obturator internus action
externally rotates the hip
what does the lower right quadrant contain
appendix
ureters/kidneys
colon
small intestine
name all the regions of the abdominal cavity
right hypochondriac
epigastric
left hypochondriac
right lumbar
umbilical
left lumbar
right iliac
hypogastric
left iliac
where is the QL in relation to the erector spinae
lateral
what is the center of the quadrants and what spinal level is it at
umbilicus
T10
what are the 2 muscles that make up the hip flexors
psoas major
iliacus
psoas major and iliacus come together to form
iliopsoas
what are the 2 most important muscles to educate a patient on when a patient is having back pain
multifidus
transverse abdominis
where is the gallbladder located
through the rectus abdominis in the epigastric region
