Peer Review

Question 1

What is a peer review?

Answer 1

The practice of using independent experts to assess the quality and validity of scientific research.

Question 2

What are the 3 main aims of peer review?

Answer 2

1. To allocate research funding
2. To validate the quality and relevance of research 3. To suggest amendments or improvements.

Question 3

3 Strengths of peer review

Answer 3

Ensures research is high quality. Research is scrutinised to increase the probability that weaknesses will be identified and addressed.

Helps to prevent the publication of fraudulent research.

Ensured that published research is taken seriously.

Question 4

2 Limitations of peer review

Answer 4

Anonymity - Reviewers may use their anonymity to criticise rival researchers.
Publication bias - Tendency for editors to publish ‘headline grabbing’ findings. May ignore ground-breaking research to suppress opposition to mainstream theories.

Question 5

Peer review - “Allocation of research funding” meaning

Answer 5

Research is paid for by various government and charitable bodies. These organisations have a duty to spend money responsibly and on research that is worthwhile.

Question 6

Peer review “validate the quality and relevance of research” meaning

Answer 6

All elements of research are assessed for quality and accuracy.

Question 7

Peer review “ Suggesting amendments and improvements meaning”

Answer 7

May suggest minor revisions to improve the work. In extreme cases they may suggest the work is inappropriate for publicationa nd should be withdrawn