Features Of Science

Question 1

What is a paradigm?

Answer 1

A set of shared assumptions and agreed methods within a scientific discipline

Question 2

What is a paradigm shift?

Answer 2

The result of a scientific revolution- a significant change in the dominant unifying theory within a scientific discipline

Question 3

What is theory construction?

Answer 3

Explanations or theories must be constructed to make sense of the facts. A theory is a collection of general principles that explain observations and facts.

Question 4

What is hypothesis testing?

Answer 4

Process of modifying theories by testing their validity. If a Scientist fails to find support for a hypothesis, the theory requires modification.

Question 5

What is falsifiability?

Answer 5

The possibility that a statement or hypothesis can be proved wrong. This is why we start with a null hypothesis

Question 6

Why is falsifiability important in Science?

Answer 6

Karl Popper argued that the only way to prove a theory correct was to seek disproof (falsification)

Question 7

What is replicability?

Answer 7

The extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be repeated by other researchers in a number of contexts and circumstances- increases the validity of a study

Question 8

What is objectivity?

Answer 8

When all sources of personal bias are minimised so as not to distort or influence the research process.

Question 9

What is the empirical method?

Answer 9

Objectivity is the basis of the empirical method= a method of gaining knowledge which relies on direct observation or testing

Question 10

What are the 6 features of a science?

Answer 10

Empirical method, objectivity, replicability, theory construction, hypothesis testing, falsifiability.