Peds SM Flashcards
sits up unassisted
6 months
hold a spoon
15-18 months old
stand
9 months
mama and dada with meaning
12 months
walk
12 months old to 17 months
copy a circle, throw a ball, ride a tricycle
3 years
draw a cross
4 years
ride a bicycle
5-6 years
separation anxiety
8 - 9 months
Palmer grasp goes away
5-6 months
Anterior fontanelle closure? Posterior?
A: 12-18 months
P: 2-3 months
When should strabismus go away?
4-6 months
Genu varum disappears by age? Genu vargum?
rum: 2 years
gum: 7 years
What supplement with an infant need if exclusively breastfed?
effective = 6-8 wet diapers, gaining weight
vitamin D
Premature infants catch up by what age?
by 2 years old
A bilirubin level >___ indicates a need for phototherapy in the newborn
> 15
A white pupillary reflex on fundoscopic exam indicates what? What term is used to describe “white pupillary reflex”
leukocoria is white reflex
retinoblastoma or congenital cataract
When is a common time to see a regression in children?
life changes
Breast budding
tanner stage 2
breasts are one mound
tanner stage 3
Start of period
tanner stage 4
breasts are 2 mounds
tanner stage 4
growth spurt in boys
tanner stage 3
increase in penis length
tanner stage 3
scrotum reddening
tanner stage 2
What age is too early for puberty?
girls age 8
boys age 9
How many years will a girl start her period after the start of puberty?
2-3 years
At what age should the NP become concerned when a female has not had a period?
age 15
long term effects of anorexia
osteoporosis
heart disease
long term effects of bulemia
dental erosion
What are Salter Harris fractures? Why is this a big deal?
fx along growth plate - long bones
will stunt growth if not reated
A past medical history of cryptorchidism may increase the risk of? What is this?
increase testicular cancer
undescended testicle
When will Mongolian spots resolve?
age 5 years
Describe AOM. Treatment?
bulging, inflamed TM
Amoxicillin
Swimmer’s ear or otitis externa, describe, caused by, and treatment
foul smelling ear, red
pseudomonas = otofloxcin drops and analgesic drops
An ear that was painful until drainage
ruptured TM
Cholesteatoma
cauliflower like growth in the ear
ENT for surgery
How is otitis media with effusion treated?
can be caused by allergies or after AOM
watch and wait
Coarctation of the aorta
decreased femoral pulses, elevated BP in UE over LE
Vesicoureteral reflux, grade 1 - 5. When should you refer? What anticipatory care should be taught?
1 (mild) - 5 (severe)
refer by stage 3 - may resolve on its own
needs a voiding cystourethrogram to confirm
A child with a thin upper lip, smooth philtrum, and low nasal bridge. What do you suspect?
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Causes of acne in adolescents? Three step approach?
genetics and androgens
OTC topicals like benzoyl > topical antibiotics > oral antibiotics > refer
Short stature and webbed neck
Turner’s syndrome
delayed puberty and infertility
pain over anterior tibial tubercle near tendon insertion site, what is this? What is the treatment?
Osgood-Schlatter disease
NSAIDs, ice, patient will outgrow this once bones stop growing
A child complaining of nasal pain and his mother reports drainage from the right nare. What is going on?
possible foreign body
what is a keloid?
overgrowth site of incision or injury
what is a hypertrophic scar?
heal over time, might be painful and stays within borders of scar
What is a hydrocele? When should we be concerned?
abnormal accumulation of fluid around testes
infant: resolves on own
A 6 year old with fever for 5 days, a strawberry tongue, and peeling rash. What do you suspect? What is the treatment?
Kawasaki’s disease
tx: high dose aspirin, IVIG
Pyloric stenosis
projectile vomiting
olive-shaped mass
ultrasound!
Intussusception
jelly like stools
sausage shaped mass
ultrasound!
Trust vs Mistrust
0-18 months
hope
depend on primary care giver
Autonomy vs Shame
18 months- 3 years
will
controlling functions, walking, talking, bathroom
Initiative vs Guilt
3-5 years
purpose
interaction, interpersonal skills, games, questions
Industry vs Inferiority
5-12 years
competency
hard-working, read, write, math, win recognition
Identity vs Role confusion
12-18 years
fidelity
self identity, values, beliefs, goals, career, relationships
