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FNP practice 2021-2022 > GU/Repro SM > Flashcards

GU/Repro SM Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Strawberry cervix

A

trichomoniasis

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2
Q

clue cells, positive whiff test

A

bacterial vaginosis

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3
Q

Friable cervix

A

gonorrhea or chlamydia

too many WBCs to count

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4
Q

painful, burning vesicles

A

herpes

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5
Q

chlamydia treatment

A

doxycycline

azithromycin - pregnancy

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6
Q

gonorrhea treatment

A

ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

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7
Q

chlamydia and gonorrhea treatment

A

ceftriaxone & doxycycline

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8
Q

Trichomoniasis or bacterial vaginosis treatment

A

Metrondiazole (Flagyl)

do not drink alcohol - disulfiram-like reaction

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9
Q

Syphillis treatment and diagnosis? Confirmatory test? Symptoms

A

IM penicillin G (bicillin)
RPR, FTA-ABS
symptoms - painless chancre 3-6 weeks, rash on palms and soles, neurosyphilis

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10
Q

Non-hormonal option for contraception

A

paragard

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11
Q

What contraception causes osteoporosis?

A

depo-provera
stop after 5 years
supplement with calcium and vitamin D

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12
Q

What contraception is safe for breast feeding?

A

progestin only = mini pill

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13
Q

What contraception cannot be used in patients that have migraines with aura?

A

combination options

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14
Q

What specific type of birth control has the highest risk for clots?

A

ortho-evra patch

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15
Q

What are contraindications for combination OCP?

A 
liver disease
>35 and smoker
history of clots/current - DVT, PE
heart disease or uncontrolled HTN
migraines with aura
<6 weeks postpartum
breast cancer
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16
Q

What should be done for a woman that misses two active birth control pills?

A

CDC take the most recent missed pill, get rid of other missed pills, use a back up method

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17
Q

Who should be given progestin-only options?

A

breastfeeding patients

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18
Q

What should be ordered for a childbearing age woman presenting with abdominal complaints?

A

hCG test

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19
Q

presumptive pregnancy signs

A

subjective

breast tenderness, nausea, amenorrhea

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20
Q

probable pregnancy signs

A

hcg, Hegar, Chadwick, Goodell

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21
Q

positive pregnancy signs

A

objective - PUFF
palpitation of fetus
ultrasound of fetus
fetal heart tones

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22
Q

fundal height at 12 weeks

A

rising above symphysis pubis

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23
Q

fundal height at 20 weeks

A

umbilicus, measuring +/- 2 cm as weeks of gestation = normal. Starts at 20 weeks, regresses starting at 36 weeks

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24
Q

What is completed 35-37 weeks gestation?

A

GBS

25
Q

When is gestational diabetes?

A

24-28 weeks

26
Q

When is Rhogam given?

A

week 28 and 72 hours postpartum

27
Q

Asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy is treated with?

A 
CAMP
cephalosporins
amoxicillin
macrobid
penicillin
28
Q

What antibiotic cannot be administered in the 1st trimester? 3rd trimester?

A 
1st = cephalosporins
3rd = macrobid
29
Q

What antibiotic CANNOT be administered during pregnancy?

A

NO ciprofloxacin - fluoroqinolones, not safe <18 years of age (babies

30
Q

When is AFP testing completed in pregnancy? What is this? high? low?

A

16-20 weeks gestation
alpha fetoprotein level
high - neural tube defect
low - down’s syndrome

31
Q

What prevents neural tube defects?

A

folic acid
history of = 4 mg
no hx = 0.4 mg

32
Q

What are down’s syndrome at higher risk of?

A

cervical spine instability
Alzheimer’s
hypothyroidism

33
Q

What must be done if a child with Down’s syndrome wants to play sports?

A

Cervical spine XRAY

34
Q

Describe placenta previa

A

pain-LESS bleeding, soft uterus, bleeding

35
Q

Describe placenta abruption

A

PAINFUL bleeding, hard uterus, bleeding

36
Q

What is the treatment for mastitis? Allergy? What if symptoms persist after treatment?

A

Dicloxicillin
allergic to pcn = clindamycin, macrolides
refer! may need mammogram

37
Q

When are pap smears started? HPV?

A

age 21 regardless of sexual status, every 3 years

age 30, every 5 years if both pap and hpv

38
Q

What results require referral immediately for colposcopy?

A

LISL - low grade
HISL - high grade
CIN 2 and 3 = BAD

39
Q

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance

A

HPV screening regardless of age

colposcopy if positive HPV

40
Q

What is the treatment for genital warts?

A

TCA acid

41
Q

Is it normal to see vaginal bleeding in a post-menopausal woman?

A

NO!

refer for endometrial biopsy

42
Q

What is hormone replacement therapy? Risks? Alternatives? (name the drug)

A

risks - diabetes, blood clots, CV disease

alternatives - SSRI (paroxetine/paxil), IUDs, vaginal creams, herbal supplements

43
Q

What herbal supplements are commonly used for menopause?

A

ginseng - increases bleeding time

black cohash - hot flashes

44
Q

Hormone replacement therapy increases risk of what type of cancer?

A

ovarian

45
Q

PCOS are at a higher risk of

A

diabetes/insulin resistance
hyperlipidemia
certain cancers

46
Q

What is galactorrhea? What should be ordered? What medication class causes this?

A

milky discharge expressed from breast
associated with breast stimulation
order prolactin (rule out prolactinoma)
atypical antipsychotics

47
Q

What is found on digital rectal exam of a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

symmetrically enlarged, rubbery prostate with urinary frequency and hesitancy

48
Q

What medications treat BPH? side effect?

A

alpha blockers -zosins
terazosin, doxazosin
orthostatic hypotension, TAKE AT BEDTIME

49
Q

What herbal supplement helps BPH symptoms? What medication shrinks the size of the prostate?

A

saw palmetto

Finasteride/Proscar

50
Q

What is the PSA cutoff for referring?

A

4

must have greater than 10 years to live to treat prostate cancer, slow growing

51
Q

Positive Prehn sign. Describe and what is this associated with?

A

relief of pain when elevating the scrotum and is associated with Epididymitis

52
Q

What is the treatment of epididymitis for a patient <35 years old? >35 years old?

A 
<35 = doxycycline or ceftriazone/rocephin
>35 = levofloxacin (E.coli)
53
Q

Severe unilateral testicular pain and absent cremasteric reflex is?

A

testicular torsion

REFER!

54
Q

What labs are the best indicators of kidney function?

A

eGFR
creatinine
BUN - less specific

55
Q

What indicates kidney damage on urinalysis and needs referral?

A

RBCs or WBCs casts

glomularnephritis vs pyelonephritis

56
Q

What are first line medications for nonpregnant UTI patient?

A

Macrobid
Bactrim
Ciprofloxacin

57
Q

What should be ordered for a recurring UTIs?

A

kidney ultrasound

58
Q

What is the immediate concern with a patient has erectile dysfunction? What medications are used? What should be ordered before prescribing?

A

heart concerns, underlying cardiac issues
PDE-5 (penis does not erect)
order an EKG!

59
Q

What medication cannot be given with PDE-5 inhibitiors?

A

nitroglycerin

FNP practice 2021-2022 (19 decks)

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