Musculo. SM

Question 1

What drugs increases risk of osteoporosis

Answer 1

Depro-Provera

long term steroids

Question 2

What diagnosis test determines osteoporosis?

Answer 2

DEXA

Question 3

What prevents osteoporosis?

Answer 3

weight bearing - walking

calcium, vitamin D

Question 4

What increases the risk of osteoporosis?

Answer 4

smoking

Question 5

What are signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 5

any age
bilateral
stiffness >1 hour
systemic symptoms

Question 6

What deficiency is Methotrexate known for?

Answer 6

Dmards - Methotrexate

Folic acid

Question 7

What are expected symptoms of osteoarthritis?

Answer 7

as patient's age
slower onset
unilateral
stiffness <1 hour and worse with activity
no systemic symptoms

Question 8

What is found on XRAY of osteoarthritis?

Answer 8

narrowing of joint spaces

Question 9

Heberden’s nodes location

Answer 9

osteoarthritis

DIP joints, tips of fingers/distal

Question 10

Bouchard’s nodes location

Answer 10

BOTH: RA and osteoarthritis

PIP joints, middle knuckle of fingers/proximal

Question 11

Treatment of osteoarthritis?

Answer 11

NSAIDs- unless inappropriate (HF)
exercise
Tylenol

Question 12

What are expected findings of ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 12

pain in LOWER back and up to neck
systemic effects - this is autoimmune
hunched-forward posture

Question 13

Navicular or scaphoid fracture or snuff box tenderness, how is this diagnosed? What is the sterotypical finding? What is the intervention? Why?

Answer 13

dx: Xray repeat
fell with hand to brace them
thumb spica cast - to prevent osteonecrosis

Question 14

Clinical signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Treatment?

Answer 14

Phalens - upside down Prayer
Tinel’s - Tap inner wrist, median nerve
Tx: rest, steroids, splint/brace

Question 15

A patient complaining of a pebble in their shoe between 3rd and 4th toe with numbness and tingling

Answer 15

morton’s neuroma

Question 16

McMurray

Answer 16

Meniscus

Question 17

Lachman

Answer 17

ACL

second best anterior draw sign

Question 18

Valgus

Answer 18

ligaments

Question 19

Continued popping in the knee

Answer 19

meniscus injury

Question 20

What test is used for sciatica? What is positive?

Answer 20

Straight leg test

positive - reproduction of symptoms between 30-70 degrees

Question 21

L4 is responsible for sciatica when

Answer 21

squat and rise = knee jerk is diminished

Question 22

L5 is responsible for sciatica when

Answer 22

heel walking = numbness at great toe

Question 23

S1 is responsible for sciatica when

Answer 23

walk on toes = diminished or absent knee jerk

Question 24

How are rotator cuff tears assessed? Supraspinatus tear specifically?

Answer 24

drop arm test - abduct and bring arm down slow

empty can test

Question 25

What are prevention medications of gout?

Answer 25

allopurinol

Question 26

What is a side effect of allopurinol? monitor?

Answer 26

bone marrow suppression

monitor CBC

Question 27

What medications are used for gout attack?

Answer 27

Colchicine/Colcrys
NSAIDS - Indocin
steroids

Question 28

How is fibromyalgia diagnosed? 4 Treatments?

Answer 28

pain, fatigue, waking up unrefreshed, cognitive problems >3 months - no explanation
Duloxetine/Cymbalta, Amitriptyline/Elavil, Pregabalin/Lyrica, Cyclobenzaprine/Flexeril

Question 29

What is hallus valgus? Diagnosis? Treatment?

Answer 29

bunion

dx: >15 degrees on XRAY
tx: braces, surgery

Question 30

Plantar fasciitis - where is the pain? When does it occur? Who is this commonly found in?

Answer 30

heel pain
first thing in the morning and as day progress = better
runners

Question 31

What are expected findings of cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 31

severe low back pain
saddle anesthesia
incontinence

Question 32

What is De Quervain’s tenosynovitis? Diagnosis?

Answer 32

Pain in thumb and wrist - caused from repeat mvmts
Finklestein test - grab thumb and perform ulnar deviation
Tx: RICE, splint, NSAID