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NUR 238 > Peds Respiratory > Flashcards

Peds Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 components of assessment?

A

Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation

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2
Q

What is the normal pulse rate of a newborn?

A

120-160

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3
Q

What is the normal pulse rate of a 4-year-old?

A

80-125

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4
Q

What is the normal pulse rate of a 10 year-old?

A

70-110

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5
Q

What is the normal pulse rate of a 16 year-old?

A

55-90

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6
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a newborn?

A

30-60

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7
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 4-year-old?

A

20-30

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8
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 10-year-old?

A

16-22

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9
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 16-year-old?

A

15-20

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10
Q

What is Vitiligo?

A

Areas of depigmentation of the skin

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11
Q

What is Nevi?

A

Areas of increased pigmentation of the skin

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12
Q

What is Jaundice?

A

A yellow discoloration of the skin, best seen in the sclera of the eyes

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13
Q

What is Cyanosis?

A

A blue discoloration of the skin, best seen in the mucous membranes of the mouth, particularly under the tongue

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14
Q

What is Carotenemia?

A

An orange color of the skin, best seen in the soles of the feet and palms of the hands

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15
Q

What is Pallor?

A

Loss of skin color

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16
Q

What is Erythema?

A

Diffusely red

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17
Q

What is Mottling?

A

Discolored areas of skin; frequently caused by drop in body temperature

18
Q

How would erythema appear in a dark-skinned child?

A

Dusky red or violet

19
Q

How would cyanosis appear differently in a dark-skinned child?

A

Instead of blueish colored skin, it would appear black or dusky

20
Q

How would jaundice be noted in a dark-skinned child?

A

It would be diffusely darker than the child’s normal color

21
Q

What does normocephalic mean?

A

It means “normal-sized-head”

22
Q

What does “microcephalic” mean?

A

It means the head is small for the body size and age

23
Q

What does “macrocephalic” mean?

A

It means that the head is abnormally large

24
Q

What does the term “bossing” refer to?

A

Frontal enlargement of the skull

25
Q

An enlarged supraclavicular lymphnode is called what?

A

It is called a “sentinel node” because it may suggest Wilms tumor or other neoplastic disease

26
Q

What is hypertelorism?

A

It is a condition where the eyes are unusually far apart

27
Q

What is hypotelorism?

A

The eyes being unusually close together

28
Q

A nurse performing percussion on a child as part of the assessment and hears “tympany”. What is tympany?

A

High pitched, low intensity sound heard over a hollow organ like the lungs

29
Q

What is normal respiratory rate for a newborn?

A

30-60

30
Q

What is normal respiratory rate for a 4-year-old?

A

20-30

31
Q

What is strabismus?

A

“Crossed eyes”

32
Q

Why are infants and kids less than 3 at increased risk for respiratory tract infections?

A

Because they have smaller airways, immature immune systems, and underdeveloped supporting cartilage

33
Q

What is the only way to distinguish whether the cause of pharyngitis is viral or bacterial?

A

Throat swab

34
Q

What findings would indicate bleeding in a child that just had a tonsillectomy?

A

Frequent swallowing, restlessness, fast and thready pulse, and vomiting bright red blood

35
Q

What non-medical intervention can help decreased the mucousal edema associated with croup?

A

Taking the child out into the cool, humid night air

36
Q

What findings in the child with croup necessitates being seen in the emergency room?

A

Stridor at rest, cyanosis, severe agitation or fatigue, retractions or inability to take oral fluids

37
Q

What are the 4 “D’s” of epiglottitis?

A

Drooling, Dysphagia, Dysphoria, and Distressed inspiratory efforts

38
Q

What should NOT be attempted in a patient with suspected epiglottitis?

A

Visual examination of the epiglottis

39
Q

What mode of nursing care can be utilized to reduce a child’s oxygen needs?

A

Delivering care in blocks so that the child has time to rest

40
Q

Bronchospasm, edema of the bronchiolar airways and increased airway mucus secretion characterizes what disease?

A

Asthma

41
Q

What is Bronchopulmonary Dysplaysia (BPD)?

A

A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by thickening of the alveolar walls and bronchial epithelium. It frequently happens to premature babies that are mechanically ventilated for a long period of time.

NUR 238 (17 decks)

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