Peds Respiratory

Question 1

What are the 4 components of assessment?

Answer 1

Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation

Question 2

What is the normal pulse rate of a newborn?

Answer 2

120-160

Question 3

What is the normal pulse rate of a 4-year-old?

Answer 3

80-125

Question 4

What is the normal pulse rate of a 10 year-old?

Answer 4

70-110

Question 5

What is the normal pulse rate of a 16 year-old?

Answer 5

55-90

Question 6

What is the normal respiratory rate of a newborn?

Answer 6

30-60

Question 7

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 4-year-old?

Answer 7

20-30

Question 8

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 10-year-old?

Answer 8

16-22

Question 9

What is the normal respiratory rate of a 16-year-old?

Answer 9

15-20

Question 10

What is Vitiligo?

Answer 10

Areas of depigmentation of the skin

Question 11

What is Nevi?

Answer 11

Areas of increased pigmentation of the skin

Question 12

What is Jaundice?

Answer 12

A yellow discoloration of the skin, best seen in the sclera of the eyes

Question 13

What is Cyanosis?

Answer 13

A blue discoloration of the skin, best seen in the mucous membranes of the mouth, particularly under the tongue

Question 14

What is Carotenemia?

Answer 14

An orange color of the skin, best seen in the soles of the feet and palms of the hands

Question 15

What is Pallor?

Answer 15

Loss of skin color

Question 16

What is Erythema?

Answer 16

Diffusely red

Question 17

What is Mottling?

Answer 17

Discolored areas of skin; frequently caused by drop in body temperature

Question 18

How would erythema appear in a dark-skinned child?

Answer 18

Dusky red or violet

Question 19

How would cyanosis appear differently in a dark-skinned child?

Answer 19

Instead of blueish colored skin, it would appear black or dusky

Question 20

How would jaundice be noted in a dark-skinned child?

Answer 20

It would be diffusely darker than the child’s normal color

Question 21

What does normocephalic mean?

Answer 21

It means “normal-sized-head”

Question 22

What does “microcephalic” mean?

Answer 22

It means the head is small for the body size and age

Question 23

What does “macrocephalic” mean?

Answer 23

It means that the head is abnormally large

Question 24

What does the term “bossing” refer to?

Answer 24

Frontal enlargement of the skull

Question 25

An enlarged supraclavicular lymphnode is called what?

Answer 25

It is called a "sentinel node" because it may suggest Wilms tumor or other neoplastic disease

Question 26

What is hypertelorism?

Answer 26

It is a condition where the eyes are unusually far apart

Question 27

What is hypotelorism?

Answer 27

The eyes being unusually close together

Question 28

A nurse performing percussion on a child as part of the assessment and hears "tympany". What is tympany?

Answer 28

High pitched, low intensity sound heard over a hollow organ like the lungs

Question 29

What is normal respiratory rate for a newborn?

Answer 29

30-60

Question 30

What is normal respiratory rate for a 4-year-old?

Answer 30

20-30

Question 31

What is strabismus?

Answer 31

"Crossed eyes"

Question 32

Why are infants and kids less than 3 at increased risk for respiratory tract infections?

Answer 32

Because they have smaller airways, immature immune systems, and underdeveloped supporting cartilage

Question 33

What is the only way to distinguish whether the cause of pharyngitis is viral or bacterial?

Answer 33

Throat swab

Question 34

What findings would indicate bleeding in a child that just had a tonsillectomy?

Answer 34

Frequent swallowing, restlessness, fast and thready pulse, and vomiting bright red blood

Question 35

What non-medical intervention can help decreased the mucousal edema associated with croup?

Answer 35

Taking the child out into the cool, humid night air

Question 36

What findings in the child with croup necessitates being seen in the emergency room?

Answer 36

Stridor at rest, cyanosis, severe agitation or fatigue, retractions or inability to take oral fluids

Question 37

What are the 4 "D's" of epiglottitis?

Answer 37

Drooling, Dysphagia, Dysphoria, and Distressed inspiratory efforts

Question 38

What should NOT be attempted in a patient with suspected epiglottitis?

Answer 38

Visual examination of the epiglottis

Question 39

What mode of nursing care can be utilized to reduce a child's oxygen needs?

Answer 39

Delivering care in blocks so that the child has time to rest

Question 40

Bronchospasm, edema of the bronchiolar airways and increased airway mucus secretion characterizes what disease?

Answer 40

Asthma

Question 41

What is Bronchopulmonary Dysplaysia (BPD)?

Answer 41

A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by thickening of the alveolar walls and bronchial epithelium. It frequently happens to premature babies that are mechanically ventilated for a long period of time.