GU

Question 1

What is nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 1

kidney disorder characterised by a number of signs of disease: proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and edema

Question 2

What EKG changes are indicative of hyperkalemia?

Answer 2

Tall peaked T waves, ST depression, and QRS widening

Question 3

What is normal creatinine level?

Answer 3

Normal creatinine is 0.6 to 1.3

Question 4

What is normal BUN?

Answer 4

Normal BUN is 6-20

Question 5

What is normal urine specific gravity?

Answer 5

Normal urine specific gravity is 1.003 to 1.030

Question 6

What is normal uric acid level?

Answer 6

Normal uric acid level is 2.3-6.6 in a female, and 4.4-7.6 in a male

Question 7

What is the most common finding in a patient with bladder cancer?

Answer 7

Hematuria

Question 8

What type of drug should be held before dialysis?

Answer 8

Cardiac glycosides

Question 9

What does the kidney’s “Glomerulus” do?

Answer 9

Selective filtration

Question 10

What is the function of the “Loop of Henle”?

Answer 10

Reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop; reabsorption of water in the descending loop; concentration of the filtrate

Question 11

What role do the kidneys play in RBC production?

Answer 11

They release Erythropoietin, that stimulates RBC production

Question 12

What is “Nephrotic Syndrome”?

Answer 12

Nephrotic syndrome is when the glomerulus is overly permeable and leaks protein through

Question 13

What is a serious side effect of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 13

Hypercoagulability or thromboembolism, due to increased permeability leaking clotting factor

Question 14

What sort of meals should a patient with Nephrotic syndrome be eating?

Answer 14

Small, frequent low-to-moderate protein meals

Question 15

What is an important nursing intervention in patients with Nephrotic Syndrome?

Answer 15

Measure the patient’s abdominal girth and extrimity size to track progression of edema

Question 16

What is polycystic kidney disease?

Answer 16

A life-threatening, genetic-based disease where the kidney tissue grows many cysts that make the kidneys lose their function

Question 17

What are the standards to follow when collecting a Urinalysis sample?

Answer 17

1) Collect urine from the first void of the morning

2) Ensure the specimen is processed within 1 hour of collection

Question 18

What is the technique for collecting a 24-hour urine specimen?

Answer 18

Throw out the first urination and collect for 24 hours after

Question 19

How is a urine culture collected?

Answer 19

Mid-stream

Question 20

What is pyelonephritis?

Answer 20

inflammation (usually infection) on the renal parenchyma and collecting system

Question 21

What is cystitis?

Answer 21

Inflammation of the bladder wall

Question 22

What is urethritis?

Answer 22

Inflammation of the urethra

Question 23

What is urosepsis?

Answer 23

Urospesis is a UTI that has spread into the blood (making the patient septic)

Question 24

What is an “uncomplicated” UTI?

Answer 24

A UTI that occurs in an otherwise normal urinary system

Question 25

What is a “complicated” UTI?

Answer 25

A UTI that occurs in a urinary system with coexisting problems (stones, obstructions or catheters)

Question 26

What nursing interventions are indicated in a patient with a UTI?

Answer 26

Encouraging fluids and discouraging caffeine, alcohol, citrus and chocolate