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Peds Final 2 > Peds Pulmonary > Flashcards

Peds Pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

another name for IRD (infant respiratory distress)

A

hyaline membrane disease

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2
Q

IRDS shows up usually when premature infants are __ gestational age

A

less than 28 wks

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3
Q

RF for infant to get IRDS

A

infant of DM mom
C-section
multifetal preg
Family Hx

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4
Q

what causes RDS

A

surfactant deficiency?

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5
Q

t/f kid with IRDS will have diminished breath sounds and falling blood pressure

A

true will also have..

mixed resp / metabolic acidosis

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6
Q

CXR with ground glass appearance…

A

infant respiratory distress syndrome

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7
Q

how do we prevent IRDS

A

beta methasone 48 hrs prior to delivery btwn 23-34 wks

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8
Q

IRDS TX

A

warm humidified 02 keep between 55-79.. so sats over 90

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9
Q

if an infant needs to be intubated at birth what should be given once stablized

A

surfactant

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10
Q

inflammation of bronchioles

A

bronchiolitis

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11
Q

was is the most common agent of bronchiolitis

A

usually caused by an acute viral infection

RSV most common

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12
Q

most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and kids under 2yrs

A

bronchiolitis

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13
Q

when do bronchiolitis sx peak

A

day 3-4 of illness

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14
Q

children with bronchiolitis with a fever less than 60 days have..

A

high risk of serious bacterial infection (SBI)

evaluate for sepsis

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15
Q

bronchiolitis tx

A

hydrate
oxygenation
nasal suction
influenza antivirals

ribavirin severe cases

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16
Q

40% of bronchiolitis pts will have…

A

wheezing through age 5

about 10% will have wheezing past then

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17
Q

leading cause of infant death from viral infection

A

RSV

respiratory syncytial virus

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18
Q

t/f rsv is more common in boys than girls

A

true

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19
Q

incubation period for RSV

A

4 days

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20
Q

t/f rsv stays alive in dried secretions for several days

A

true

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21
Q

lab test for RSV

A

RSV rapid antigen test

useful at beginning of season

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22
Q

most common RSV infxn complication

A

otitis media

low % of pt get bacterial pneumonia

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23
Q

synagis is..

A

super expensive but for RSV prevention

IM injection qmo during RSV season

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24
Q

age of infant eligible for synagis

A

born less than 29 wks yet still under 12 mo old

infants under 2 with CLD

or

infants born under 32 wks who had 02 req for 28+ days after birth

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25
Q

asthma more common in boys or girls

A

boys

26
Q

asthma more common in African American or non

A

African American

27
Q

one of the most common causes of ED visits

A

pediatric asthma

28
Q

80% asthma onset is before__yo

A

80% before 6yo

29
Q

asthma is more common in …

A

lower ses

30
Q

asthma sx are typically worse at…

A

night

31
Q

URI sx for 1-3 days before sx of upper airway obstruction

A

croup

32
Q

barky cough, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor

A

croup cough

33
Q

ages of croup

A

3 mo - 5 yrs

peak incidence is 2yo

34
Q

t/f croup sx worse at night like asthma

A

true

35
Q

croup aka..

A

laryngotracheobronchitis

36
Q

croup is usually due to…?

A

parainfluenza virus

37
Q

croup more common in girls / boys?

A

boys

38
Q

croup more common during what time of year?

A

late fall and winter

39
Q

croup dx

A

CXR: steeple sign

40
Q

croup tx at home

A

cool mists, steamy bathroom for exacerbations

41
Q

croup tx ed

A

nebulized racemic epinephrine

corticosteroids

42
Q

spasmodic croup related to..

A

allergic component

resolves rapidly with tx

43
Q

acute, fulminating course of high fever, sore throat, dyspnea, rapidly progressing respiratory obstruction

A

acute epiglottitis

44
Q

epiglottitis is less common now bc

A

of the HiB vaccine

45
Q

main pathogens today for epiglottits

A

S. pyogenes
S. pneumonia
S. aureus

46
Q

RF for epiglottitis

A

unimmunized or

underimmunized pts

47
Q

thumb sign on radiology

A

epiglottitis

48
Q

abx for epiglottits

A

ceftriaxone
cefixime
combo ampicillin and sulbactam

49
Q

nickname of pertussis

A

whooping cough

50
Q

pathogen for pertussis

A

bordetella pertussis

51
Q

course of pertussis is how long?

A

6 wk course

52
Q

incubation period for pertussis

A

3-12 days

53
Q

non distinctive sx of congestion and rhinorrhea

A

catarrhal stage

54
Q

dry cough, intermittent, irritative hack with paroxysmal episodes

A

paroxysmal stage

55
Q

slow resolution of arxysmal episodes

A

convalescent stage pertussis

56
Q

infants under 3 mo with pertussis..

A

can’t whoop - do not generate the - inspiratory pressure

57
Q

gold standard of pertussis dx

A

culture

58
Q

t/f pertussis is reportable dz

A

true

59
Q

Suspect in patient who has predominant complaint of cough especially in the absence of fever, malaise, myalgia, exanthema or sore throat

A

pertussis

60
Q

abx pertussis

A

erythromycin or azithromycin

61
Q

when hospitialize for pertussis

A

infants under 3 mo
3-6 with severe paroxysm
premie infants

62
Q

pertussis prvt

A

VACCINATION

Peds Final 2 (7 decks)

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