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Peds Final 2 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

___ most common chronic childhood dz

A

dental caries

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2
Q

ex of complications of poor oral health

A

FTT
impaired speech development
impaired concentration
absence from school

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3
Q

___when primary teeth erupt

A

6mo

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4
Q

by age ___ children have all 20 primary teeth

A

2-3 yo

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5
Q

at age 5-6 ___ happens to teeth

A

start to loosen

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6
Q

permanent molars erupt around age..

A

6yo

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7
Q

every __months a child should get oral health risk assessments

A

every 6mo

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8
Q

4 main questions for infant oral health

A
  1. bottle in bed?
  2. water contain fluoride?
  3. pacifier or suck thumb?
  4. brushing infans teeth?
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9
Q

oral screening assess what 3 things

A

tooth decay
malocclusion
oral injury

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10
Q

malocclusion means..

A

abnormal alighment of upper and lower teeth

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11
Q

when should first dentist visit be?

A

w/in first 6 mo of eruption of first primary tooth

NO LATER than 12 mo

after that.. q6mo for life

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12
Q

when can infants have teeth brushed?

A

after teeth erupt use gentle brush to lift up

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13
Q

children under 3yo should brush with ___

A

a smear of fluoridated toothpaste

brush 2X per day

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14
Q

children 3-6yo should brush with

A

pea sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste BID

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15
Q

continue supervision until kids is…

A

8-10yo

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16
Q

__ is the best way to reduce risk for tooth decay

A

frequent exposure to small amounts of fluoride each day

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17
Q

3 benefits of fluoride

A

increased resistance to demineralization

enhanved reminerlatizion of early caries

reduced cariogenic activity of plaque

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18
Q

__ is most important source of prvt tooth decay

A

topical fluoride - via toothpaste or dental tx

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19
Q

___ enhances resistance to later acid dmineralization

A

Systemic ingestion of fluoride between 6mo and 19 yo

source: fluoridated water or fluoride supplements

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20
Q

__ % of esophageal oreign body are kids ages ____

A

80%

kids 6mo to 3yo

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21
Q

___% of foreign body ingestion in kids may be totally asymptomatic..

A

30% take hx carefully!

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22
Q

esophageal foreign bodies are more common in kids with ___

A

dev delays and psychiatric disorders

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23
Q

most common items ingested…

A

coins and small toys

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24
Q

choking, gagging, coughing

followed by

increased salivation, dysphagia, food refusal, emesis or pain

A

esophageal foreign bodies

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25
Q

respiratory sx esophageal foreign body

A

stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, dyspnea

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26
Q

what films order for esophageal foreign bodies

A

Plain:

AP and lateral of neck and chest

AP of abdomen

27
Q

key: coins are ___ on AP view and ___ on lateral films in the esophagus ..

BUT ___ on AP and __ on lateral if in trachea.

A

Coins flat on AP, edge lateral film for esophagus

BUT..

edge on AP and flat on lateral films in trachea

28
Q

__hrs for battery induced mucosal injury

A

1hr

29
Q

__hrs for battery induced all layer esophageal injury

A

4hr

30
Q

Meckel diverticulum is a remnant of …

A

omphalomesenteric duct

or the vitelline duct

31
Q

___is most common congential GI anomaly

A

Meckel diverticulum

32
Q

def Meckel diverticulum

A

3-6 cm out pouching of ileum along the

Ant mesenteric border 50-75 cm from ileocecal valve

33
Q

when do sx of Meckel diverticulum appear?

A

in 1 or 2nd yo

34
Q

painless rectal bleeding

brick or currant jelly stool

A

Meckel diverticulum

sx secondary to ectopic mucosa in diverticulum that ulcerates adjacent ileal mucosa

35
Q

__ can act as lead pt for intussuception

A

Meckel diverticulum

36
Q

dx meckels

A

Meckel radionuclide scan

mucus secreting cells take up the radionuclide = visualize

37
Q

tx Meckel diverticulum

A

surgical excision

38
Q

incomplete rotation of intestine during fetal dev

A

malrotation

1/6000 live births

39
Q

__ present in 1st yr of life and over 50% in 1st mo

A

malrotation pts

40
Q

most common sx of malrotation

A

vomiting

more than bilious emesis and bowel obstruction

41
Q

presentation of malrotation in older infants

A

recurrent abdominal pain that mimics colic ..intermittent volvulus

42
Q

adolescent with malrotation can present with..

A

acute intestinal obstruction or hx of recurrent abd pain

43
Q

def malrotation volvulus

A

acute presentation of small bowel obstruction in a patient without previous hx of bowel surgery

44
Q

what causes malrotation volvulus

A

small bowel twists around superior mesenteric artery leading to compromise of blood flow to bowel!

45
Q

how to confirm malrotation volvulus?

A

contrast radiographic studies (UGI)

46
Q

treat malrotation with

A

surgical bands / adhesions lysed

47
Q

congenital aganglionic megacolon aka

A

hirschprung dz

48
Q

def hirschprung dz

A

dev. disorder of enteric nervous system

absent ganglion cells in submucosal and myenteric plexus

49
Q

gender disparity for hirschprung dz

A

4 males : 1 remales for short segment dz

as length increases gap narrows to 1:1

50
Q

t/f 80% of hirschprung pts have dz limited to rectosigmoid region

A

true

51
Q

neonate distended abdomen, failure to pass meconium, +/- bilious emesis

chronic constipation

enterocolitis: secondary to dilatation of the bowel … bacterial proliveration

A

hirschprung dz

52
Q

gold standard for hirschprung dz diagonosis

A

rectal suction biopsy

look for presence of ganglion cells

53
Q

additional diagnostics for hirschprung dz

A

contrast enema in kids over 1 mo

look for abrupt transition zone between dilated proximal colon and obstructed distal aganglionic segment

54
Q

tx hirshprung dz

A

Pull through procedure: bring normal innervated colon down to rectum

55
Q

prognosis hirshprung dz

A

get stool continence but still have constipation, recurrent entercolitis, stricture, prolapse and fecal spoiling

56
Q

milk and soy protein intolerance usually from..

A

cell mediated hypersensitivitieis

IGE testing usually not helpful

shows up in infancy

57
Q

food protein indced enteriocolitis shows up..

A

1st several mo of life

58
Q

sx food protein induced enteriocolitis

A

irritability, protracted vomiting, diarrhea

vomiting occurs 1-3 hrs after eating

if continued exposure –> abdominal distention, bloody diarrhea, anemia and failure to thrive

59
Q

blood streaked stool in otherwise healthy infants

A

food protein induced proctocolitis

in first few mo life

60
Q

__% breast fed infant with have food protein induced proctocolitis

A

60

61
Q

proctocolitis def

A

inflammation of rectum and colon

62
Q

food protein induced enteropathy shows up in frist few mo with what sx

A

diarrhea, steatorrhea, poor weight gain

protracted diarrhea, vomiting, FTT, distension, early satiety and malabsorption

63
Q

ex of food protein induced enteropathy

A

cows milk sensitivity and celiac

Peds Final 2 (7 decks)

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