Newborn Neurology Flashcards
DM is a risk factor for fetal
congenital malformations and neonatal hypoglycemia
Suboxone or methadone tx puts fetus at risk for
neonatal abstinence syndrome
maternal alcohol use leads to
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
what high risk behaviors is domestic violence and homelessness associated with?
poor maternal nutrition and poor prenatal care
moms with Group B streptococcus vaginal colonization should get..
need abx prophylaxis so no transmission to newborn
Apgar score is used to assess newborn..
response to transition / resuscitation
APGAR stands for..
appearance pulse grimace activity respirations
normal apgar score is
7-10
normal infant respiratory rate is..
30-60 breaths per min
normal infant HR awake and at rest
awake: 120-160
asleep: 80-90
new ballard score estimates
gestational age of newborn based on 6 physical and 6 neurological criteria
6 physical criteria of new ballard score
skin lanugo hair plantar surface of foot breast eyes ears genitalia
with age I should expect to see..
- decreased skin translucency
- increase skin wrinkles
- less lanugo hair
- larger more well defined breast tissue
- loss of eyelid fusion and pinna firming up
- scrotum more rugae
- formation of labia minora, labia majora
6 neurological criteria
posture square window arm recoil popliteal angle scarf sign heel to ear
what does square window refer to?
measuring joint laxity between the palm of hand and forearm with wrist held in full flexion
arm recoil measures..
passive flexor tone of biceps
should increase with age
a hoarse cry suggests
vocal cord problem
a high pitch cat like cry suggests
cri -du- chat syndrome
Wharton jelly?
jelly in the umbilical cord
fetal nutrition.. thick cord good sign!
dysmorphic features def
facial or anatomic features concerning for a genetic syndrome
like Down Syndrome
caput succedaneum
edema of sclap due to pressure against cervix during birth
swelling crosses suture lines
resolves in days
cephalohematoma
from bleeding betwn. periosteum and skull
swelling does not cross suture lines
resolves in weeks
congenital torticollis
top of head tilted to one shoulder and chin rotated to other
birth trauma to SCM leads to hematoma
what can torticollis predispose to?
deformational plagiocephaly
cranial flattening from infant always lying one way
redundant skin / webbing seen with some genetic syndromes like..
turner syndrome
down syndrome
congenital scoliosis can be caused by____
hemivertebra or other vertebral deformity
spina bifida occulta has ___ malformed
vertebrae
meningocele is__
vertebrae malform with meningeal sac protruding
2 or more midline skin lesions is higher risk for..
spina bifida occulta
sacral dimple, hemangioma, nevus, skin tag, hair tuft etc..
normal level of alterness for new born is when there is..
quite sleep active sleep drowsiness quiet alert active alert and cyring
asymmetric extremity mvmts suggest
weakness
what are 4 mvmts sometimes mistaken for a seizure
- non sustained jitteriness and tremulousness
- choreoathetoid mvmt of hands
- migrating myoclonus during sleep
- facial twitching during sleep
three ways to test muscle strength for infant
ventral suspension
vertical suspension
step reflex
what CN are needed for successful feeding?
CN 5,7,9,10,12
t/f newborns typically have Babinski extensor reflex
true
big toe up and fanning of the other toes
what controls newborn reflexes?
basal ganglia
brainstem
spinal cord
gallant reflex
stroking the paraspinous muscles cause the infant’s trunk to curve toward the ipsilateral side
5 s of consolable crying
Suck swaddle shush swing side or stomach
ipsilateral CN12 palsy is indicated by..
tongue deviating to one side
atrophy and fasciculation of the tongue are seen in..
type 1 spinal muscular atrophy
masseter reflex
tapping mandible just beneath lower lip =
