Peds Pathology Flashcards
Rubella Infection: presentation
- Cataracts
- heart defects
- deafness
- mental retardation
Cytomegalovirus: presentation?
- mental retardation
- microcephaly
- deafness
- hepatosplenomegaly
(most common fetal viral infection)
most common cause of neonatal mortality
congential anomalies
second most common cause of neonatal mortality
prematurity
Prematurity risk factors
- preterm premature rupture of placental membrane
- intrauterine infection
- uterine, cervical, placental structural abnormalities
- multiple gestation
entities associated with prematurity
- RDS (hyaline membrane disease)
- necrotizing enterocolitis
- Sepsis
- intraventricular hemorrhage
- long term complications (developmental delays)
RDS risk factors
- preterm infants
- c-section
- maternal history of diabetes (increased insulin inhibits surfactant production)
Treatment of RDS
- 3-4 day treatment
- high O2 concentration admin: long term exposure can cause retrolental fibroplasia (retinopathy of prematurity) and bronchopulmonary displasia
Necrotizing entertocolitis presentation:
- abdominal distention
- absent bowel sounds
- bloody stool
Cystic fibrosis: type of disease, population?
autosomal recessive, caucasians
Cystic fibrosis: primary defect?
abnormal function of the epithelial chloride channel CFTR on chromosome band 7q31.2
Cystic fibrosis: affects?
Affects fluid secretion in exocrine glands (salivary glands) and epithelial lining of respiratory, gastrointestinal (pancreas, liver, small bowel) and reproductive tracts,
Makes breathing difficult, survival is now a lot better
meconium ileus = can perforate bowel and cause peritonitis
Fetal alcohol syndrome: presentation?
microcephaly, micrognathia, short palpebral fissures, and thin upper lip, atrial septal defect
Necrotizing enterocolitis: different intestine presentations?
- distended bowel
- ischemic bowel
- pneumatosis intestinalis (air in walls of intenstines)
