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ÅJJ 6th year > peds other 3 > Flashcards

peds other 3 Flashcards

1
Q

In case of maternal GBS positivity, up to what age can this bacteria cause disease in the baby?

A

Up to six months of age.

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2
Q

Since the introduction of expanded screening, how many congenital metabolic diseases are screened routinely in Hungary?

A

27 and SMA screening is also available.

SMA - spinal muscular atrophy

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3
Q

How does the concentration of protein and glucose of CSF change in bacterial meningitis?

A

Protein concentration is increased
Glucose concentration is decreased.

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4
Q

What are the direct and indirect signs of appendicitis?

A

Direct sign:
- tenderness at the McBurney point.

Indirect signs:
- Blumberg sign
- Rovsing sign
- Obturator sign
- Psoas sign

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5
Q

How does the total iron binding capacity change in case of anemia and inflammation?

A

Increased in anemia, decreased in inflammation.

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6
Q

The pathogen causing neonatal infection that can be identified by maternal vaginal secretion
screening.

A

Streptococcus agalactiae
(group B Streptococcus, GBS)

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7
Q

Which disease should be suspected in case of neonates with distended abdomen and severe
constipation?

A

Hirschsprung-disease

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8
Q

What is the typical feature of stool in biliary atresia?

A

Clay-colored (acholic) stool.

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9
Q

How long to wait after surgery before bathing?

A

7-8 days.

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10
Q

Imaging modality of choice when evaluating a child for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis:

A

ultrasonography

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11
Q

In which cases of middle-ear inflammatory disease should we suggest tympanostomy tubes
(Grommet)?

A

Chronic serous otitis media
and/or chronic dysfunction of the Eustachian tube.

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12
Q

What are the alarming signs of retinoblastoma?
What examinations are required?

A

Alarming Signs:
Strabism
Leukocoria

  • ophthalmoscopic examination.
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13
Q

At what platelet count is there major risk of bleeding?

A

Below 10-20 G/l

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14
Q

What are the diseases most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A

Celiac disease
Hashimoto thyroiditis.

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15
Q

What are the most typical histologic findings in ulcerative colitis?

A

Crypt abscesses.

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16
Q

What does allogeneic stem cell transplant mean?

A

The patient (recipient) gets hematopoietic stem cells from another person (donor).

17
Q

You find a high GGT in a patient with ulcerative colitis, what should you think about?

A

Sclerosing cholangitis.

18
Q

What are the two main components of the treatment of pseudocroup?

A

Rectal steroid
Inhalation of adrenaline.

19
Q

What are the two typical anamnestic features of acute appendicitis?

A

First, epigastric and periumbilical pain

Later, the pain is localized in the right lower abdominal quadrant.

20
Q

What does autologous stem cell transplantation mean?

A

A procedure in which a patient’s healthy stem cells are collected from the blood or bone marrow before high dose chemotherapy, stored, and then given back to the patient after treatment.

21
Q

What are the upper airway infections that should be treated with antibiotics?

A
  • Streptococcus angina
  • Acute otitis media
  • Acute bacterial sinusitis.
22
Q

The most common endocrine disorder causing growth retardation:

A

Thyroid dysfunction – hypothyroidism.

23
Q

Most common cause of acute abdomen in children:

A

appendicitis.

24
Q

Name at least five examples when pulse oximetry is not informative!

A
  • Carbon-dioxide intoxication
  • Methemoglobinemia
  • Severe anemia
  • Cardiac failure
  • Cold extremities.
25
Q

What affects the sensitivity of blood culture?

A

The amount of blood drawn within 24 hours after
the fever.

26
Q

What is the Holzknecht sign characteristic for?

A

Airway foreign body aspiration.

27
Q

What are the symptoms of increased intracranial pressure?

A
  • Headache
  • Vomiting in the morning
  • Nuchal rigidity
  • Setting-sun sign
  • Focal neurological signs
  • Bradycardia
  • High blood pressure
  • Irritability
  • Bulging fontanelle.
28
Q

Typical age of intussusception in infants:

A

3 months - 3 years

29
Q

What can prevent coronary artery disease (aneurysm) in Kawasaki syndrome?

30
Q

What kind of hormonal changes are seen in the salt wasting form of congenital adrenal
hyperplasia due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase?

A

Insufficient glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid secretion
Excessive androgen secretion.

31
Q

What factors are included in the APGAR score?

A

Heart rate
Respiratory rate
Skin color
Reflex irritability
Muscle tone

32
Q

What is the diagnostic basis of endocarditis?

A

Blood culture
Echocardiography.

33
Q

What is the prognosis of juvenile absence epilepsy?

A

Usually favorable.

34
Q

What are the symptoms and laboratory signs of nephrotic syndrome?

A
  • Proteinuria
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Oedema.
35
Q

How much insulin should be given in diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

0.05-0.1 U/kg/h

ÅJJ 6th year (5 decks)

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