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OPP IV Final > Peds Orthopedics, Ferril > Flashcards

Peds Orthopedics, Ferril Flashcards

1
Q

causing limp in child 4-10 years old

A 
trauma
infectious
osteochondroses
neoplasms:leukemia
inflammatory: juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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2
Q

causes of limp in child 10-18 y.o

A 
trama: slipped capital femoral epiphysis
neoplasm
infectious: lyme and gonococcal
microtrauma
tarsal coalition
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3
Q

+ L trendelenberg

A

AB ductors lower extremity weak

L AB ductors challenged

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4
Q

slipped capital femoral epiiphysis

A

femoral head falls off

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5
Q

imaging for hip pain

A

frog leg XR b/l

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6
Q

SCFE

A

overweight boys
endocrine disorders
acute
subacute/chronic

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7
Q

scale of SCFE

A

mild: 1-1/3 slip 0-30 degrees
mod 1/3-2/3 slip 30-60
severe: 2/3- complete slip 60-90

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8
Q

Tx SCFE

A

stabilize femoral head
surgically
good prognosis
risk avascular necrosis

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9
Q

OMT SCFE

A

great
before after and long term
improve vascular and lymphatic circulation
improve muscular tone

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10
Q

methods to balance tone in jiont

A

counterstrain!

BLT

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11
Q

tender warm nodules over ant superior aspect tibias b/l

A

osgood schlatter

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12
Q

imaging for osgood schaltter

A

lateral plain XR to see if tibial avulsion

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13
Q

Tx osgood schlatter

A 
OMT is great
tibial rotation and hip restriction
so balance quads hamstrings
ICE NSAIDs when severe
conservative
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14
Q

in-toeing in kids intrinsic to foot

A

meta-tarsus ADductus

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15
Q

common SD for in toeing of feet

A 
tightness medial fascia and ADductors
torsion first and second metatarsals inversion rotation of 1st cuneiform
everted calcaneus
lateral longitudinal arch flattened
posterior fibular head
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16
Q

growth center for iliac crest

A

11-14 years open

close 20 yr

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17
Q

growth center for ischial tub

A

13-15 open

16-18 close

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18
Q

growth center for femoral head

A

4 mo

close 16-18

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19
Q

growth center for greater trochanter

A

4-6 years open

16-17 close

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20
Q

growth center for femoral condyle

A

39 weeks open

16-19 close

21
Q

growth center for tibial plateau

A

birth open

16-19 close

22
Q

when do children develop adult gait

A

5-6 y.o

23
Q

gait in children

A

high guard and low guard

24
Q

common ortho problems of lower extremities in nkids

A 
hip dysplasia
legg calve perthes disease
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
osgood schlatter disease
intoeing
pes planus (rigid vs functional)
25
Q

static visual inspection of lower extremity

A

line and shape (minimal varus normal in kid

26
Q

flat feet normal for what age

A

up to 3 y.o

27
Q

best outcome for hip dysplasia

A

if detect before 6 mo

28
Q

exam for hip dysplasia

A

ortalani and barlow

need XR is + or high suspicion

29
Q

congeintal coxa vera

A

decreased ABduction with dec femoral neck shaft angle

30
Q

Legg calve perthes disease

A

aseptic necrosis of femoral head
2-12 y.o usually 4-8 y.o
boys > girls

31
Q

Sx legg calve perthes disease

A

aching groin or proximal thigh
worse at end of day
antalgic gait
XR narrowed irregular epiphysis

32
Q

which way does physis femoral head change in adolescence

A

horizontal to oblique

33
Q

signs SCFE

A

pain and antalgic gait
decreased physical activity
b/l in 40-50%

34
Q

most common ped overuse syndrome

A

osgood schlatter

35
Q

age for osgood schlatter

A

girls 8-13

boys 10-15

36
Q

description of mech of action osgood schlatter

A

repetitive tensile forces on developing tibial tubercle

37
Q

type I vs II osgood schlatter

A

I- soft tissue swelling only

II- XR evidence fragmentation

38
Q

most common cause intoeing in infants

A

metatarsus adductus

39
Q

kidney bean or C shape heel bisector line

A

metatarsus adductus

40
Q

course of metatarsus adductus

A

resolves spontaneously by 2 y.o

41
Q

rigid vs functional flat foot

A

functional- great toe passively extended and median arch will lift up
rigid- remain flattened

42
Q

what movements of hip can affect osgood schlatter

A

posterior rotations and lateral flares increase tensile forces on patella
anterior rotations alter tone in knee flexors and may influence knee rotation

43
Q

which way does tibia rotate with knee extension

A

laterally

44
Q

what can cause external tibial rotation

A

hypertonic sartorius

45
Q

effets of a shortened biceps femoris

A

can limit external rotation during knee extension

can limit internal rotation of tibiea during knee flexion

46
Q

pes planus causes what

A

compensatory internal rotation tibia during loading

47
Q

what is the keystone of medial arch of foot

A

navicular

48
Q

what maintains osseous architecture of foot

A

transverse arch of foot

OPP IV Final (8 decks)

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