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RAD fun > peds MA > Flashcards

peds MA Flashcards

1
Q

nonrotation

A

RT: SB. LT: LB b( similar to post ladd band)
180 degree rotation only.
Rx; Sx IF S&S

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2
Q

Intussuption

A

adult: 90% mechanical

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3
Q

Intussuption

A

both air & water reduction can be used. air: cleaner, safer, less rad. try 3-5 times/3-5 min each.

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4
Q

malrotation

A

volvulus/ 1st mo.

short mesentry RF for intermittant/partial vol and early ppt

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5
Q

1ry mega ureter

A

aperistlatic segment of the ut. RX: proph ABX. if recurrant UTI: SX

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6
Q

Muconium plug

A

premature. DX. MG sulfate. contrast enema is Dx and RX

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7
Q

HPS measurement

A

outer to the inner edges of the muscular layer. ONLY MS

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8
Q

bowel rotation

A

90 clockwise, then 270 counterclockwise

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9
Q

SG teratoma

A
  • arise from the coccyx. CALC ++.
  • RARELY invade the spinal canal or cause bony destruction.
  • < 2YO: 10% malg. >2yo: 90% malg.
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10
Q

windsock deformity

A
  • DU diverticulum
  • DU web
    look up pic
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11
Q

Imperforated anus fistula with

A
  • all imp. anus has fistula
  • all low ones > w/ perineum
  • high ones: M: Bl/ urethra. F: vagina/vestibule
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12
Q

mcc of non adenxal tumor in female kids

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

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13
Q

HP diz ass w/

A

Tri21.
Esoph dysmotility
NB.

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14
Q

Carneys complex

A 
myxoma
endocrine ab.
skin pig
shawanoma
calc testicular mass
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15
Q

carney traid

A

Pul. chondroma
GIST
extradrenal parag

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16
Q

enteric duplication study nuke study

A

Tc=99 per ( mekle scan) +ve gastric mucosa

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17
Q

hepatoblastoma ass w/

A 
Beckwith weidman 
GSD
Gardner
FAP
Tri18
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18
Q

NEC acute MX

A

free air: Sx

no free air: rest, ABX, AXR

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19
Q

NEC long term MX

A

enema to eval for stricture

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20
Q

Chonal atresia

A

90% bony.

DiGoerge. CHARGE. Fetal Etoh syn.

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21
Q

piriform aperture stenosis ASS W/

A 
chonal atresia
mega incisor
small triangular hard palate/ defect
CC agnesis, holoproscnchepahly
H-P-A ab
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22
Q

Ca in TGD cyst

A

PTC.

the cyst is ANT. to hyiod bone. can be paramedine. mass effect on thyriold lobe .

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23
Q

neck mass dil with valsalva

A

phlebectasia

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24
Q

MMC H&N CONG mass in infancy

A

Hemang ( start 6 mo ) involute 6-10 yr

NO RX.
B-blocker if needed

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25
Q

MMC H&N mass in infancy

A

FC of SCM.
4 wk.
no calc

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26
Q

MMC mass in the masticator space.

MMC malg in extra ocular space in kids

A

RM sarc

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27
Q

MMC B9 orbital lesion in kids

A

dermoid. PIC plz

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28
Q

MMC mass in the tarcch

A

SG hemang. LT > RT

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29
Q

MMC of death in premature

A

SSD.

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30
Q

CLD vs PIE

A

TIME
PIE: 1 wk
CLD= BPD = 3 wk. low vol.

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31
Q

IL seq vs EL

A

IL: adult, mmc one, LLL. PNA.

EL: infancy. less common. RS compromise. ass w/ anomalies.

they look cystic, high on T2. hetro. could be Sub diagh or RP

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32
Q

Rx of CPAM and CLE

A

Sx

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33
Q

Neonatal atypical peripheral atelectasis

A

periphral, upper lobe.

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34
Q

PBL ass w/

A

MLCN
brain, bone mets
1-2 YO

< 1 YO&raquo_space;> cystic

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35
Q

MMC ant, med mass in kids

A

1st lymph HL.

2nd teratoma

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36
Q

MMC mass in the post. med < 10

A

NB

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37
Q

TEF mmc one

A

type 1: N type

2nd: type 2: atresia only

H type is type 3

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38
Q

HPS

A

paradoxical aciduria.

look for GB as a landmark

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39
Q

meonium ileus

A

low T2 fluid
mottled app in AXR
calc in US
muconium filled pseudocyst ( calc )

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40
Q

appy

A

outer diamter

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41
Q

gastroschesis

A

oilgo. high AFP.

gd outcome.

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42
Q

omphalocele ass w/

A

TRI 18 is the mmc one.

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43
Q

shawshman diamond syndrome

A 
diarrhea
panc insuff
eczema
short
fatty panc
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44
Q

FL HCC on nuke

A

Ga-67 avid

calc > HCC

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45
Q

Biliary atresia ass w/

A

Tri18. polysplenia

only extrahepatic atresia. prolif of the intra ones.
Kasai procedure then LTX.

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46
Q

Allegile synd

A

fatty liver. PA stenosis. no atresia

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47
Q

RT hetrotaxy

A

2 fissures
asplenia
IVC > LT.
CVS anomalies

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48
Q

LT hetrotaxy

A

one fissure. poly SP. azygous. less CVS

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49
Q

horseshow kid ass w/

A

TCC
carcniod
Wilms

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50
Q

MCC prenatal hydro.

MCC Cong anomaly of GU in neanonate

A

UPJ obs.

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51
Q

neonatal RVT

A

maternal DM

Kid is big

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52
Q

neonatal RAT

A

UAC&raquo_space; sever HTN

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53
Q

NB orders

A

Ad > RP > P. med

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54
Q

MMC of Idiopathic scrotal edema

A

HSP

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55
Q

PJS + testicular mass

A

Sertoli.

can present with burned out tumor. calc

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56
Q

AML ass w/

A

NF
TS
VHL

F:M: 4:1

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57
Q

both renal agensis and CF ectopia

A

M>F

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58
Q

spinning top urethra

A

bladder contraction > increse Ur sphincter tone > voiding dysfun.

look up pic

59
Q

Clear cell sarcoma

A

2 YO. male.
hilum.
mmc mets to ipsilat hilum. bone > lung.
CTX SX.

60
Q

Most relaible predictor factor in CDH

A

liver heniation.

worse Px: RT, liver heniation, lung volume

61
Q

MMC of Round PNA

A

S. pneumonia
5-12 YO.
FU CXR. not CT.

62
Q

Hallar index

A

MAX TRV diam/ AP dima of the chest. WNL 2.5. > 3.5 > Sz

assess severity of pectus excavatum.

Sx; Nuss procedure: retro sternal

63
Q

Poland Syn mc ass w/

A

Syndactyl

64
Q

Intracranial lipoma ass w/

A

ACC.

ACC > CC hypoplasia

65
Q

When Pineal G. ca

A

> 7 YO > WNL

< 7 YO Ca ??

66
Q

MMC pineal mass in children

A

tectal plate glioma

67
Q

MMC pineal masses in adult

A

glioma

meningoma

68
Q

MMC S&S of TS

A

CNS
2nd GU

ass w/ ADPKD. RCC

69
Q

MX of V of galen AVM

A

Rx CHF. and Emblization.

70
Q

MCL of EG in kids

A

Skull

Adult: ribs

71
Q

MMC of B9 H&N ca

A

JNA

72
Q

MML of TGD cyst

A

INFRAHYOID

73
Q

Caudal regression syndrome ass w

A

maternal DM
polyhydro
anal atresia

74
Q

OM < 4 YO pathogen

A

Kingella Kingae&raquo_space; attack cartilage

little BM edema

75
Q

ALL Lat Condyler fracture type

A

SH IV..

MMC 5-10 YO

76
Q

Chronic recurrant multifocal OM CRMO

A

children.

Long bones, metaphysis. clavicle. BM edema. lytic lesions on XRAY.

77
Q

CRMO ass diz

A 
WG. 
IBD. 
Takaysu
Pyderma gangrnosa
Psorasis
Majeed 
SAPHO syndrome
78
Q

OSD of the Capitllaum

A

seen in the throwers. Radial head subluxation.

79
Q

MC fracture = Bucket handle #

A

shearing forces

80
Q

NAT protocol

A 
AP of UL. LL
AP, lat, Obl of chest
AP Abd
AP and lat: skull
LAt Lumber
81
Q

Anomalies associated with extralobar sequestration

A 
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Diaphragm eventration
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
Bronchogenic cyst
Foregut duplication cysts
Pectus excavatum
82
Q

the most common cause of acute testicular pain in children younger than 12

A

Test apge torsion. located btw Epi and sup testicle

Conservative management includes bed rest, scrotal elevation, ice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and analgesics. The inflammation and pain usually resolve within one week.

83
Q

A first branchial cleft cyst occurs where ?

A

adjacent to the parotid gland or near the external auditory canal,

84
Q

MMC SH fracture

A

type II

type III, IV and V&raquo_space; poor Px. needs Sx.

85
Q

Sinding Larson Johnoson injury

A

Ch. traction injury of the Pattela tendon at the patella insertion.

In active kids and CP pt .

86
Q

MC avulsion injury of the elbow

A

Medial epicondyle fractures

but mmc fractures Supracondyler > lat condyle > medial EPI.

87
Q

MC disorder of the hip of growing children

A

transient synovitis.

small effusion. C+

88
Q

Strongest independent Px factor for septic arthritis

A

CPR.

If Kocher triad > 2&raquo_space;> tap it. no MRI

CPR. WBC>12. fever. no wt bear

89
Q

Celeray stralk DDx

A

CMV.
Rubella
Syphlilis
Osteopathia straita

90
Q

Wimberger sign

A

Cong Syphliis. passage mark

destruction of the medial prox tibia metaphysis.

91
Q

Caffey diz = infantile cortical hyperostosis

A

rare. self limited
STx swellwing. Periost reaction. irritabilioty.

Hot mandible on bone scan

92
Q

physiologic periostitis of the new born

A

3 mo - 6 mo
femus then tibia
only diaphysis

93
Q

renal mass > 8 YO

A

RCC

94
Q

supracondyler humerus fracture with hyperfelxtion

A

ulnar nerve injury > FCU injury > poor wrist adduction and felxion

95
Q

Guasher

A 
HSM
AVN of femoral head
H-shaped VB.
bone infarcts
Erlenmeyer flask deformity o fth efemur
96
Q

NF1 in MSK

A

ant bowing of the tibia or radius.

Pseudo-arhtreosis of the ulnar or Fiblua

97
Q

Type II PA sling ass w/

A

Trach stenosis
low lying carina T5-T6
T shaped Trachea
bridging broncus

98
Q

type I Cong Extrahepatic Portosys shunt

A 
absent PV
poly Sp
CHD
mal rotation
high in F
99
Q

type II Cong Extrahepatic Portosys shunt

A

PV is present. less anomalies M = F

100
Q

Circum aorta

A

cross CL side. post to TR and ESOP

A vascular ring > ligamentum arteriosum connects the descending aorta to the pulmonary artery.

101
Q

MCC of distal VP shunt obstruction

A

CSF pseudocyst

102
Q

Most SN and SP signs of raised ICH

A

flat post. globe

103
Q

MCC CNS manifestation of LCH

A

D.I

104
Q

supratentorial ependymoma

A

frontal lobe
paranchymal
very bright on T2. Cystic component

105
Q

Semi lobar Holoprosencphaly

A

tempral lobe cleavage.

106
Q

Lobar Holoprosencphaly

A

fusion of the frontal lobe. sepration of the T.L. presence

of the splenium of CC

107
Q

Mega Cisterna Magna

A

> 10 mm on prenatal US. look for the cerebeulm falx to differ from arachniod cyst

108
Q

small left colon syndrome

A

a long filling defect extending from the descending to rectosigmoid colon, consistent with a meconium cast.

DM mom

premature infants.

109
Q

Alexander disease.

A

extensive T2-hyperintense signal in the bifrontal white matter. The frontal involvement

macrocephaly

110
Q

Canavan disease

A

diffuse involvement of the white matter.

macrocephaly

elevated NAA

111
Q

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

A

involvement of the parieto-occipital white matter.

M>F

112
Q

Krabbe disease

A

periventricular white matter with sparing the subcortical U-fibers

113
Q

metachromatic leukodystrophy

A

a tigroid pattern of involvement of the periventricular and deep white matter.

most common hereditary leukodystrophy.

114
Q

rhomboencephalosynapsis.

A

absence of the vermis with fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres.

Aqueductal stenosis and ventriculomegaly, necessitating ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement.

115
Q

Gastroschisis Dx when ?

A

cannot be diagnosed before 12 to 13 weeks gestational age, as physiologic gut herniation occurs from 8 weeks to approximately 10 to 11 weeks

  • young maternal age.
116
Q

Blount diz:

A

medial meniscus hypertrophy

medial tibial epiphyseal cartilage hypertrophy

117
Q

FN brain death study

A

skull fracture
VP shunt
open fontanel

touniquent > FP study

118
Q

Sturge-Weber

A

sporadic

make sure it is calc not vessels on NECT

119
Q

Mueller-Weiss syndrome.

A

Osteonecrosis of the navicular in adults

Peds: Kohler

120
Q

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations

A

most commonly seen as solitary lesions.

There is no gender predilection.

Hemorrhage is the most common presentation.

most commonly supratentorial, not infratentorial.

They may cause vascular steal and cerebral ischemia.

121
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta on prenatal ultrasound include

A

long bone fractures, polyhydramnios, and the ability to compress the calvarium when pressure is applied.

Type II osteogenesis imperfecta is the most severe form of the disease and is often lethal in utero. The severe hypomineralization of the calvarium is compatible with type II

122
Q

Rx induced Cavernoma

A

15%

123
Q

A duplicated collecting&raquo_space; incontinence in ?

A

ncontinence in females. not male

common cong anomaly

124
Q

bladder exstrophy.

A

Bladder exstrophy is associated with an increased risk of bladder malignancy, which is usually adenocarcinoma. Bladder exstrophy is more common in males and is associated with elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) on the maternal quad screen. It may be suspected on fetal ultrasound when there is nonvisualization of the fetal bladder or a low-lying cord insertion; however, as low as 25% of patients with bladder exstrophy are diagnosed antenatally. Amniotic fluid volumes are typically normal in bladder exstrophy.

125
Q

choroid plexus cyst.

A

trisomy 18.

The majority of choroid plexus cysts are benign and seen in isolation; however, they are often seen in tri18. Visualization of choroid plexus cysts in utero should prompt further evaluation for other abnormalities.

126
Q

The perchlorate test

A

If iodine is not organified, giving perchlorate after I-123 serves as a competitive inhibitor and I-123 will “wash out.” If organification is normal, there will not be substantial washout of I-123 from the thyroid after perchlorate is given.

127
Q

Hepatoblastoma

A

associated with low birth weight.
Stage I disease typically has an excellent prognosis.
AFP is elevated in approximately 90%, not 50%, of cases.

Low AFP levels are associated with anaplastic histology and poor outcome.

Hepatoblastoma has a slight male predominance.

128
Q

PHACE syndrome

A 
posterior fossa malformations, 
hemangiomas, 
arterial anomalies, 
coarctation of the aorta, 
eye abnormalities.
129
Q

The most common locations affected by rickets are

A

the distal femur, proximal tibia, distal radius and ulna, and anterior ribs.

130
Q

nerve injury ass w/ flexion type supracondyler fracture

A

ulnar nerve&raquo_space; FCU
week felxion & adduction
this injury happened from falling on elbow.

but FOOSH&raquo_space; extension type supracondyler frcature&raquo_space; brachial a injury

131
Q

lissenchephaly RF

A

CMV, toxin, genetic
only 4 layers.

schiznecephaly have similar RF. ass w/ others

132
Q

how to tell lissenchephaly from cortical band hetrotopia

A

lissenchephaly > male if double very close to each others

cortical band heterotopia > Female. the inner layer thicker than the cortical layer

133
Q

what is Blake pouch cyst ?

A

inferior cyst results in upward and post rotation of the vermis\

normal vermis

normal torcula ( normal in mega CM and arachniud cyst)

falx cerebelli seen with mega CM not Arach cyst

134
Q

central neurocytoma on MRI

A

bubbly
cystic
hge
calc

135
Q

scurvey

A

subperiosteal hge
periosteal reaction
ab metaphdeal BM SI that resolves post Rx. low T1 high T2. bcz it is prone to tru 2/2 to collagen type I def

136
Q

BG cyst loc

A

Mid or post med.

no communication

137
Q

V of galien malform consist of what

A

cholliodal a

median prosenchepahlic v

138
Q

what is b/l focal femoral deficiency ?

A

b/l short femur
abscent femoral epiph
suprolat disloc

139
Q

double arotic arch ass w/

A

Rt dominance. low CHD

140
Q

antismooth muscle antibody positive in ?

A

primary sclerosing cholangitis

141
Q

least Sp typeof hge ass w/ NAI?

A

EDH

142
Q

dominat interaction in CXR, AXR?

A

CS

143
Q

mesoblastic nephroma paraneaplastic syn ?

A

High Ca and HTN

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