Peds flashcards Growth and Development

Question 1

Causes of death less than 1 year old

Answer 1

congenital anomalies, prematurity and SIDS

Question 2

Physiologic changes, progressive increase in size

Answer 2

Growth

Question 3

Cognitive changes, progressive increase in the ability to function

Answer 3

development

Question 4

True or False, according to Erickson each psychosocial conflict must be resolved for the child or adult to progress emotionally.

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Which did Erickson focus on Personality/psychosocial development or cognitive development?

Answer 5

personality/psychosocial

Question 6

What does Erickson’s theory rely on?

Answer 6

successful mastery of tasks during critical periods

Question 7

Describe Erickson’s Trust vs. Mistrust and appr. Age

Answer 7

Birth - 18 mon. attachment to mother

Question 8

Describe Erickson’s Autonomy vs. shame and appr. Age

Answer 8

18 mon- 3 yr. gain control over self and environment

Question 9

Describe Erickson’s initiative vs. guilt and appr. Age

Answer 9

3-6 yr. ability to initiate one’s own activities; sense of purpose

Question 10

Describe Erickson’s Industry vs. Inferiority and appr. Age

Answer 10

6-12 yr. developing social, physical, and learning skills

Question 11

Describe Erickson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion and appr. Age

Answer 11

12- 20 yr. developing sense of identity.

Question 12

Piaget was all about what kind of development?

Answer 12

Cognitive

Question 13

Describe Piaget’s sensorimotor stage

Answer 13

birth - 2 yr. reflex activity, learns about reality and how it works, doesn?t understand that an object out of view continues to exist

Question 14

Describe Piaget’s pre-operational stage

Answer 14

2-7 yr. child thinks of the past, present, future; egocentric, needs concrete examples

Question 15

Describe Piaget’s concrete operations stage

Answer 15

7 to 11 yr. can sort facts, uses logic to solve problems, develop abstract thinking

Question 16

Describe Piaget’s formal operations stage

Answer 16

11- adulthood. Thinks abstractly and logically

Question 17

True or False, A child’s height should increase by 30 % in the first year?

Answer 17

False, 50%

Question 18

Weight ____ by 4-7 months, triples by _____ birthday

Answer 18

Weight doubles by 4-7 months, triples by first birthday

Question 19

Jimmy and Tommy are best friends. Jimmy is 6 months. Tommy is one year old. How many teeth should each have?

Answer 19

Jimmy- should have none (just beginning to teeth). Tommy appr. 6-8

Question 20

During discharge planning for a newborn, what will you educate your parents about closing of the fontanels?

Answer 20

Posterior closes 1st at 6-8 weeks, and anterior closes 2nd by 12-18th month

Question 21

What is solitary play and which age group does this effect?

Answer 21

Infants (0-1 yr.) Child needs to be played with and not just allowed to play. Playing is all about the child by HIM or HERSELF (and with parent).

Question 22

What is parallel play and what does this affect?

Answer 22

Toddlers (2-3).toddler plays alongside other children, not with them

Question 23

What is associative play, and who does it affect?

Answer 23

Preschoolers (3-7 yr.). Group play in similar or identical activities but without rigid organization or rules. Play is for physical growth and refinement of motor skills (e.g. jumping, running)

Question 24

What is cooperative play and who does it affect?

Answer 24

School age (7-11 yr. ) play is organized and children play in a group with other children. They play to have an End. Very structured.

Question 25

A 2 month old should be able to ____

Answer 25

coo

Question 26

A 4 month old should be able to have _____ _____

Answer 26

head control

Question 27

A 7 month old should be able to ____ ____

Answer 27

transfer objects

Question 28

A 8 month old should be able to ____ _____

Answer 28

sit unsupported

Question 29

A 9 month old should be able to ____

Answer 29

crawl

Question 30

A 12 month old should be able to ___ ____ ____

Answer 30

walk with assistance

Question 31

During each visit, the nurse should assess what growth measurements?

Answer 31

length/height, weight, head circumference

Question 32

If the patient's growth is under the ___ percentile or over the ____ percentile, their needs to be further investigation

Answer 32

5th and 95th

Question 33

You are the nurse going into see a 2 year old boy, what is your order of assessment?

Answer 33

1st. Observe (color of perfusion, breathing pattern), 2nd. RR, HR, Temp. BP 3rd. Growth measurement, organ system

Question 34

True or False, FLACC is a scale used to assess a child's pain level

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

What is NPASS?

Answer 35

It is a scale used to assess pain/agitation and sedation in neonatal patients

Question 36

What is another name for the Wong-Baker scale?

Answer 36

Faces scale

Question 37

What is the Denver Developmental Screen Test (DDST, DDST-R)

Answer 37

cognitive and behavioral screening test used mostly in outpatient setting

Question 38

What are reasons for errors?

Answer 38

distractions, workload increase, staff inexperience, staffing insufficient, shift change, staff from agency, emergency situations, reconstitution error, wrong diluent, incorrect dilution amount, too conc. , injection at wrong rate, wrong IV port

Question 39

Morbidity, mortality, and increased costs are all results of what?

Answer 39

medical errors

Question 40

What should you verify for IV meds?

Answer 40

max concentration

Question 41

How do you give an infant a PO med?

Answer 41

draw up in needle-less syringe, place syringe along side of infant's tongue and give slowly allowing baby to swallow

Question 42

How do you give a med if pt. has an NG, OG, NJ, GT?

Answer 42

bolus with syringe and flush to prevent clogging tube

Question 43

For IM meds, what site do you use for newborn-toddler and what site for greater than 3 yr. ?

Answer 43

vastus lateralis and deltoid

Question 44

A 5ml dose of acetaminophen w/ codeine contains how much acetaminophen and codeine

Answer 44

120 mg and 12 mg

Question 45

What is unasyn and what is safe dose calc. based on?

Answer 45

Ampicillin & sulbactum- a combined antimicrobial agent. Dose based on ampicillin

Question 46

If med is > 7 ml, what will you do to administer this med?

Answer 46

use IV pump and 20 ML flush

Question 47

How much flush do you add for 1st and 2nd port?

Answer 47

1 ml and 7 ml

Question 48

What is buretrol?

Answer 48

A type of infusion device that holds limited quantities of IV fluids. Allows free flow of fluids/air once infusion is done

Question 49

What are some issues that may arise if the child has fluid intake and output imbalances?

Answer 49

diarrhea, NG tube drain, polyuria, third spacing