Health promotion & maintenance flashcards

Question 1

What are the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommended schedule of visits?

Answer 1

Newborn, 2 weeks, 2 mon, 4 mon, 6 mon, 9 mon, 12 mon

Question 2

What are things address at each visit?

Answer 2

growth & development, safety, immunizations, check-ups, dental care, car seats

Question 3

What are the 3 components that must be addressed at each visit?

Answer 3

safety, nutrition, and health care

Question 4

What does safety entail?

Answer 4

car seats, sleep on back, smoke detectors, bath water temp, crib safety, sun exposure, walkers

Question 5

What nutrition aspects should be addressed during the visit?

Answer 5

review feeding schedules, introducing solids, picky eaters

Question 6

What health care issues should be addressed at each visit?

Answer 6

next visit, vaccines, dental

Question 7

What are common safety issues for infants?

Answer 7

car safety, pets, poisoning, toys, medicines

Question 8

For infants what are the correct guidelines for car seats?

Answer 8

up to 1 year and up to 20 pounds, bucket seat facing backwards

Question 9

For Children, over 1 yea & 20 pounds, what is the correct car seat safety

Answer 9

restrain in an upright, forward position in a car safety seat until 60 pounds/ 6 yr. old

Question 10

The new 2011 SIDS report states that but child back to sleep for every sleep plus what?

Answer 10

firm sleep surface, no bed-sharing, keep soft object and loose bedding out of crib and avoid overheating

Question 11

What are the nutritional guidelines for newborns?

Answer 11

gain 4-7 ounces/wk, regain BW by 2 weeks, and feed q 2 hr

Question 12

True or False, a 1 month old should be feed q 4 h 4-6 oz

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

True or False, a 2 month old, should be fed q 4 hours about 4-6 oz

Answer 13

FALSE, q 6 hr, 6 oz

Question 14

How do you calculate caloric needs of an infant?

Answer 14

108 cal/Kg/day

Question 15

True or False, a child should be fed only breast milk for first 12 months

Answer 15

FALSE, breast milk OR iron-fortified formula

Question 16

Why would a child being breastfed receive iron supplements after 6 months?

Answer 16

maternal antibodies, stored vita and iron last up to 6 months. After that period this passive immunity is over and supplementation is needed

Question 17

Bedside iron, what other supplements can a infant at 6 months receive?

Answer 17

vit D and fluoride (0.25 mg daily)

Question 18

At what age can toddlers have honey and cow’s milk?

Answer 18

1 yr old

Question 19

What is a safe amount of milk for toddlers?

Answer 19

< 32 ounces/day

Question 20

A mom is worried her child is not able to feed himself. He is 2. Should she be worried.

Answer 20

No, 3 years is average age

Question 21

When is BP normally taken?

Answer 21

3 yrs old

Question 22

When do we test for TB?

Answer 22

12- 15 mon. 4-6 yrs, teen

Question 23

When is anemia assessed?

Answer 23

12-24 mon.

Question 24

When is vision assessed?

Answer 24

3-4 and Q year

Question 25

When is hearing assessed?

Answer 25

newborn and 5 yr.

Question 26

When is lead assessed?

Answer 26

high risk - q 6 mon, low risk - 12-15 mon

Question 27

What does the Teenage psychosocial H.E.A.D.S.S. stand for?

Answer 27

Home & environment, education and employment, activities, drugs, sexuality, suicide/depression

Question 28

What’s the difference between passive immunity vs. transplacental passive immunity

Answer 28

PI- through breast milk, last 6 months. TPI- transmitted to fetus via placenta (e.g. IGG) last only 3 months

Question 29

What are common expectations following shots?

Answer 29

irritability, fever, red, sore at site. May give Tylenol

Question 30

What size needles are ok for infants, toddlers, older child

Answer 30

1 in. , 1 1/4 in. , 1 1/2 in.

Question 31

If a patient comes in with a rash, what are the questions you would as?

Answer 31

immunization status, recent exposures, prodrome, when and where did it start, pruritic or painful, and treatments used

Question 32

IS there a prodrome for Varicella zoster?

Answer 32

no or mild

Question 33

What type of rash do chicken pox peeps get?

Answer 33

superficial vesicles, pruitic. Starts in the trunk and scalp and then moves to the face and extremities

Question 34

Billie has chicken pox, when was he exposed to the infection?

Answer 34

2-3 weeks before the rash appeared

Question 35

How effective is the vaccine?

Answer 35

85%

Question 36

What kind of isolation do chicken pox peeps need?

Answer 36

contact and droplet precautions

Question 37

What supportive care is needed for chicken pox?

Answer 37

low-dose Benadryl to keep puritic (itching) down, and good skin care to prevent infection

Question 38

what is the prodrome for Measles?

Answer 38

3-5 days

Question 39

What are the 3 Cs assoc. with Measles?

Answer 39

Koplik spots (sores in mouth), photophobia, coryza (inflamed respiratory tract)

Question 40

Describe the rash of measles

Answer 40

flat, round, fluid filled. (confluent maculopapular rash)

Question 41

What are the 3 severe complications for measles?

Answer 41

otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis

Question 42

True or False, exanthema subitum (roseola) is another name for herpesvirus type 6

Answer 42

TRUE

Question 43

What are the s/s of Roseola?

Answer 43

sudden high fever up to 105, pink discrete maculopapular rash, febrile seizures

Question 44

Erythema Infectiosum (fifth disease) is another name for what?

Answer 44

Human parvovirus B19

Question 45

What is the hallmark sign for Fifth disease?

Answer 45

slapped-cheeck appearance that disappears in 1-4 days

Question 46

What are some common supportive care measures for infectious diseases?

Answer 46

maintain isolation, encourage rest, quiet activity, encourage fluids and soft bland foods, hot or warm compressed