Peds Ch 38 GI & Ch 39 GU Flashcards
What are some differences between a childs GI system and an adults
smaller
liver & pancreas enzymes are reduced
can’t break down carbs
What is Kwashiorkor
not enough protein
What is rickets
lack of Vitamin D
Because of rickets there is the inability to absorb the mineral
Vitamin C
What are symptoms of appendicitis
pain in RL quadrant
pain worsens with movement
What is colic
abdominal pain caused by cramping
What are they symptoms of colic
crying a lot in the evening, pain
what are symptoms of congenital aganglionic megacolon
constipation, don’t poop, fecal vomiting
What is the typical treatment for congenital aganglionic megacolon
cut out bad part of colon
What is intussusception
small intestine telescopes into itself
What are symptoms of intussusception
vomiting, pain, currant jelly stools
What is gastroesophageal relfux
lower esophageal sphincter doesn’t close right
What are symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux
effortless vomiting, agitated, hungry
What is treatment for gastroesophageal reflux
zantac, thickened formula, daily weights, put on stomach with head up
What is pyloric stenosis
pyloric sphincter is stenosed
What are symptoms of pyloric stenosis
projectile vomiting, sour smell, dehydration
What is the treatment for pyloric stenosis
pyloromytomy
What are symptoms of pinworm infestation
itching bottom
What class of medications are used to treat pinworm infestation
Anthelmic
What must a child avoid who has celiac disease
gluten
What are symptoms of celiac disease
cramping, diarrhea, gas, fatty stools
What types of foods must this child avoid with celiac
wheat, rye, oats, barley
What are symptoms of food allergies
hives, itching
What is the most common cause of lead poisoning
lead paint
What is the treatment for lead poisoning
chealating agents
What is a good diet to follow after gastroenteritis or diarrhea
low salt, electrolytes, BRAT(banana’s, rice, applesauce, toast)
If a child has diarrhea, what is the main concern
dehydration
What is a good way to rehydrate
Give a small amount of fluid at first and keep giving more and more until they are rehydrated
What are symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, lethargy
What are the 3 P’s
polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia
What symptom of Type 1 DM is usually noticed first
they eat a ton, but lose weight
What are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis
drowsiness, dry skin, red, flushed, fruit smell
What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis
lack of insulin
What are symptoms of hypoglycemia
weak, lethargic, nervous, pale, blurred vision, cold, clammy
What can cause hypoglycemia
too much insulin
If there is a short-acting and intermediate acting insulin to be mixed how should this be done
clear-cloudy, cloudy-clear
What are the functions of the kidneys
regulate fluids, filter out waste, balance electrolytes
What are some measures to prevent a UTI
change underwear, drink water, wipe front to back
What is the most common organism that causes UTI
E.coli
What predisposes a person to a UTI
wiping back to front, young sex
What are symptoms of a UTI
burning, frequency, hesitancy when urinating
How is a UTI diagnosed
clean urine catch
What are treatments for a UTI
antibiotics
Why are girls more susceptible to get a UTI
urethra is shorter and it’s closer to the anus
What is menarche
very 1st period
Mittelschmerz
ovulation
Menorrhagia
heavy period
Metrorrhagia
long period
Amenorrhea
no period
What is pyelonephritis
UTI that gets to kidney
What are symptoms of pyelonephritis
abrupt high fever, bed wetting
What is glomerulonephritis
allergic reaction to Strep
What is the cause of glomerulonephritis
strep
What are the symptoms of glomerulonephritis
grossly bloody urine
treatment for glomerulonephritis
treat symptoms, monitor urine output
What is nephritic syndrome
kidneys don’t excrete fluid
What are the main concerns about nephritic syndrome
edema
What is the treatment for nephritic syndrome
corticosteroids, diuretics
What is the nursing care for nephritic syndrome
I/O, daily weights, decrease activity
What is cryptorchidism
1 or both testes fail to descend
How does a nurse assess for cryptochidism
fell them, look for them
What is the treatment for cryptorchidism
surgery
What are symptoms of candida vaginitis
itching, white drainage, red, burning
