Peds Ch 37 Cardiovascular and blood Flashcards
What is going on in heart failure
inadequate emptying of heart
increased venous volume
What are symptoms of heart failure in an infant or very young child
doesn’t eat, tachypnea, flaring nostril
What medications are prescribed for a child with chronic heart failure
cardiac glycoside, ACE inhibitor, diuretic
What does digoxin do
slows the pulse
When should digoxin be held
when pulse is low
What is the normal pulse range of an infant
70-180
What is the normal pulse range of a young child
80-110
What is the normal pulse range of an older child
60-100
What are the cyanotic heart defects
ventricular septal defects
What causes the cyanosis
crying (pulmonary stenosis)
When an infant has a TET spell what position should she be put in
crouching position
What is rheumatic heart disease
disease affecting lung, joints, heart and brain
What is the cause of rheumatic heart disease
strep
What are lasting complications of rheumatic heart disease
damaged valves
What will the child need before all dental and other procedures
prophylactic antibiotics
What is kawasaki disease
viral infection
What is a serious complication we try to avoid with kawasaki’s disease
chronic heart failure
What are symptoms of kawasaki disease
Increased temp, pink eye, strawberry tongue, peeling skin
What is bleeding in the joints called
hemarthralja (hemarthrosis)
What are 3 types of anemia
sickle cell, iron defeciency, and thallasemia
How would you treat iron deficiency anemia
give iron
what are side effects of iron
black stool
What are symptoms of iron deficiency anemia in particular
lose weight, anorexia, pale (milk babies)
What is sickle cell disease
red blood cells get sickled and stuck
What is thallasemia
too much iron-blood cells break down
What is a common medication given for a common complication of thallasemia
Deferasirox -Desferal
What is hemophilia
bleeding from everywhere
What is the most common type of hemophilia
factor 8
What kinds of activities should kids with hemophilia avoid
contact sports
What is leukemia
white blood cell cancer- uncontrolled reproduction of deformed WBC
What diagnostic tests are used to determine leukemia
bone marrow biopsy
What is the most common site of a bone marrow biopsy
iliac crest
What is the treatment and precautions for a leukemia patient
reverse isolation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant
What is the main concern with a child with leukemia
infection
What is ideopathic thrombocytopenia
lack of platelets - bleeding a lot
