PEDS-Burns Flashcards
Four (4) types of burns
1) Thermal - exposure to heat
2) Chemical
3) Electrical Burns
4) Radiation Burns - (ie, sunburn or radiation)
Two (2) most common causes of burns in children
1) SCALDS (hot water)
2) CONTACT BURNS (fires)
why do infants have a higher mortality rate with respect to burns?
Because their skin is so thin
a burn covering the total body surface area can result in _________ failure
renal
Four (4) nursing priorities for pediatric burn patient
1) Establish & Maintain airway
2) Fluid Resuscitation
3) Wound Care
4) Assessment for complications
In the first ________ hours fluids rushes to the burned tissue causing extracellular fluid shift
48 hours
what is the main concern within the first 48 hours
Hypovolemic Shock causing renal failure
Describe the process of replacing fluids
1) IV FLUIDS & TPN (Via central line)
2) NPO for first 24-48 hours
- B/C the GI shuts down
3) May need to place NG tube
4) Once bowel sounds return we may then reintroduce food back into diet.
Administer ________ & __________ d/t pt being anemic secondary to hemolysis
multivitamin
iron
Rationale for removing burned/dead tissue (Primary Excision)
Removing dead/necrotic tissue can breed bacteria = causes infection
Topical Antimicrobial agent used for burns
Silver Sulfadiazine with bulky dressing
Explain Diuresis? When does this happen
24-96 hours after initial injury the fluid begins to shift BACK IN placing patient at risk for hypervolemia
Nursing interventions after diuresis begins?
-Urinary Output monitored closely
-I & O
-Urine Specific Gravity
-breath sounds-resp distress may indicate pulmonary edema
__RENAL SHUTDOWN IS A POSSIBILITY
Complications of Burns
- Sepsis
- Pneumonia
- GI Bleeding
- Contractures
- Hypertrophied scar formation (leads to < ROM)
- Disfigurement
- Psychological issues
Purpose of JOBST garment
Put pressure on healing wound in hopes of leading to a decrease in hypertrophied scar
