peds: assesment slides 50+ Flashcards
cryptochordism usually resolves by when?
aka tests failure of descent -one year
Bowlegged growth to age ___ months is normal
18 months
ortolani and barlow tests
Look for dislocations of hips:
Ortolani test for posterior dislocation (adducts, posterior force)
Barlow tests for ability to sublux or dislocate an intact but unstable hip. (abducts, anterior force )
what is a bad sign from the ortolani/barlow test?
- BAD if it can pop out and in … if it can, you need to assess and txt for hip dysplasia
babinski of newborn- positive or negative?
positive - stroke OUTER sole - toes splay out
infant reflex: Triceps, brachioradialis, and abdominal reflexes present starting at age _____
6 months
red flags in infant exam (5)
Bulging fontanel Fever in baby less than 3 months Increased work of breathing Stridor Going backwards in development
early childhood:Gain ___ kg and grow approximately ___ cm per year.
2-3 kg, 5cm
what age do babys begin to walk?
about 15 months
4 stages of language development: 18mo, 2yo, 3yo, 4yo
18 months- 10 words
2yo- 2- 3 word sentences
3yo- can converse (?)
4yo- form complex sentences
middle childhood: 5-10 years- what is their “thinking” ?
capable of limited logical thinking and increasingly complicated learning. (start to try to reason things out)
at what age do you Need to make sure to support positive self-image as guilt and poor self-esteem can appear?
middle childhood: 5-10 yo
middle childhood: cognitive
focus on short term goals
BMI underweight, at risk, and overweight
Underweight <5th percentile
At risk for overweight 85-95th percentile
Overweight > 95th percentile
BP normal, preHTN, HTN
Normal <90th percentile
Prehypertensive 90th-95th percentile
Hypertensive > 95th percentile
__% of U.S. children have a BMI greater than the 85th percentile
___% have a BMI in the 95th percentile
32%, 17%
at what ages are maxillary, sphenoid and frontal sinuses apparent?
Maxillary: 4
sphenoid: 6-8
frontal: 6-7
Knock-knees from ___months to ____years of age (max at age ___)
18 mo - 9/10 yo
max around 4 yo
when do you start checking for scoliosis?
if they can stand
when does puberty start for boys and girls?
boys: 11-16
girls: 10-14
early adolescence: 10-14yo - what is the “thinking” ?
concrete to operational thinking:
Can reason logically and abstractly
Can consider future implications from actions
middle adolescence: 15-16yo : social development: identity vs independence
Identity- Who am I? Introspection; global issues
Independence- Limit testing; experimental behaviors;
dating
late adolescence: 17-20: what is the “thinking” ?
formal operational
late adolescence: social: identity vs independence
Identity- their role with respect to others; sexuality and their future
Independence- separation from family and friends; Independence!
what age: Growth of breasts + pubic hair
7-13 (typically progression through Tanner stages occurs over 4 years)
body growth for females: what ages?
9.5-14.5
first period: what age?
10-16
acne + underarm hair for females: what ages?
2 years after pubic hair
boys: Growth of testicles and scrotal sac + pubic hair- what age?
10-13.5
boy- body growth- what ages?
10.5-16.5
growth of penis + voice change: what ages?
11-14.5
boys: facial + underarm hair + acne start at what age?
2 years after pubic hair appears
boys complete change in puberty takes how many years?
about 3
how many tanner stages for breasts vs pubic hair?
both - 5
start with nothing- end at full growth
