Peds Flashcards by Jehan Salapuddin

MCC of viral conjunctivitis and pharymgoconjunctival fever

Adenovirus

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Given to eradicate nasopharyngeal carriage of staph aureus in adolescent with recurrent carbunculosis

Mupirocin

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Very red rashes on cheeks, lacy reticulated pattern with central clearing but spares palms and soles

Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)

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Erythema infectiosum prone to this condition

Aplastic crisis

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Nagayama spots, rash appears when fever abates

Roseola infantum - exanthem subitum (6th disease)

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Stage of SSPE: choreoathetosis, lead pipe rigidity (destruction of BG)

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Activation of Hageman factor which leads to increase vascular permeability and eventually shock

Denge fever

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Blueberry muffin skin lesions, congental cataracts, SNHL, PDA

Congenital rubella syndrome
Bulag
Bingi
Butas ang puso
Bobo (mentally retarded)
Pangit ang color

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dengue classification with ALT/AST >1000

Severe dengue

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day 5 of illness, pwede pa ba mag NS1?

Not
day 1-3

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test for dengue done not <5 days or >6 weeks

dengue blot IgM

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Dengue infection with elevated IgG in day 4 illness

Secondary infection

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reactivation of varicella infection

herpes zoster/shingles

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post-exposure prophylaxis for varicella

active vaccine within 5 days
Ig within 4 days

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when is acyclovir most effective in varicella infection

within 24hrs of rash

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a newborn should be given Ig if mom have varicella infection when?

5 days before and 2 days after birth

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short and malformed limbs with cicatrix zigzag scarring and atrophy, mom had an infection 5-6 weeks gestation

congenital varicella

16-20 wks gestation - eye and brain

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honey-colored crusting around the mouth with bullae

bullous impetigo

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toxin in SSSS

exfoliatin A and B

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gentle stroking of skin causes epidermal separation at what level

stratum granulosum (nikolsky sx of SSSS)

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ulcers on soft palate, tonsils, uvula caused by Coxsackie A

herpangina - 1st 3 yrs of life

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painful ulcers on gumline, tongue, anterior portion of mouth, drooling, high fever

herpetic gingivostomatitis

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generalized petechiae, with EBV infection 1 month ago

ITP

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In ITP, is platelet transfusion recommended?

not, unless life-threatening bleeding, just give IVIg or steroids

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palpable purpura on dependent areas, abdominal pain, diarrhea, arthralgia, seizures

HSP

painful red, butterfly-shaped rashes on cheeks, well-demarcated margins and extend to lymphatics

erysipelas (St. Anthony's fire)

contact with salwater/oysters history, cellulitis rapid spread

vibrio vulnificus

painful genital ulcer

LG venereum (chlamydia trachomatis)

rose gardener with solitary cigarette-shaped lesions on arm

sporothrix schenkii

DOC for wuchereria bancrofti/llymphatic filariasis

DEC single dose add doxy for 4-6 weeks

swelling in jaw area with yellow exudate, dental caries and had dental etraction

actinomyces

tropical fish enthusiast, violaceous hyperkeratotic papules on elbows, hands, knees

mycobacterium marinum

subcutaneous swelling of shoulder with sinus tract

nocardia

black eschar

B. anthracis

hemorrhagic mediastinitis

inhalation anthrax

target lesion or bull's eye at bite site, erythema migrans

B. burgdorferi (lyme disease)

bitten by cat, cellulitis, lymphadenitis

pasteurella multocida

cat scratch disease

bartonella henselae

red eyes. red throat, fever

pharyngoconjunctival fever - adenovirus

grayish pseudomembrane in throat, no fever, non-exudative

diptheriae

confirm elimination of diptheriae

2 cultures from nose and throat 24 hrs apart - after tx

kissing tonsils, adolescent, with generalized lymphadenopathy

infectious mononucleosis

conjunctivitis, arthritis, urethritis, GIT infection 2 weeks ago

Reiter's syndrome

joint pains with swelling on a promiscuous teenager

neisseria gonorrheae

swelling on a prosthetic joint

staph epidermidis

rare sequela of typhoid, bone pain

salmonella enteritica

petechial rash on palms and soles, fever, tick-borne

ricketsia ricketsii (RMSF)

petechial rashes that spare palms and soles, tick-borne, spread among refugees in American wildfire

ricketsia prowazekii

diffuse sunburn like rashes with desquamation of palms and soles

Toxic shock syndrome (s.aureus)

swollen jaw which pushes earlobes up

mumps

MC complication of mumps

meningoencephalitis infertility rare kahit may bilateral orchitis

waded in flood, sever muscular pain on legs, bloodshot eyes, biphasic fever, what phase of leptospirosis

anicteric/septicemic

what phase is leptospires localized in the tissues

leptospiruric/icteric - Weil syndrome

2 step screening of syphilis

nontreponemalVDRL and RPR treponemal - confirmatory

painful inguinal buboes

chancroid (H. ducreyi)

painful ruptured vesicles on genital

HSV 2

purulent vaginal discharge and dysuria

n. gonorrhea urethritis

major cause of epididymitis

chlamydia trachomatis

treat sex partners if with contact for the last

60 days

condyloma acuminata

HPV 6 11

droplet precaution distance

>3 feet/12 inches

COVID classification if with fast breathing

moderate

HIV in children MC acquired transmission

intrapartum - during delivery (60-80%)

chronic recurrent diarrhea, oral thrush >2 months, persistent fever >1 onth

AIDS cat B

babies born to HIV mom should be tested for viral load in

3 days of life 1-2 months old 4-6 mos

CD4 and CD8 of babies born to HIV moms should be tested in

1 and 3 months repeated every 3 months

NNRTIs

Delavirdine Efavirenz Nevirapine

best single prognostic indicator of HIV

plasma viral load

in treatment of any endocrinologic condition, we aim to achieve

equilibrium

SMR landmark of thelarche

SMR 2

SMR landmark of secondary mound on papilla

precocious puberty in female

8 9 in male

delayed puberty in female

13 14 in male

premature thelarche

1st 2 years of life

bone age=chronological age

familial short stature

chronological age > bone age

constitutional short stature

persistent weight <5th percentile

failure to thrive

how to diagnose DI

water deprivation test and ADH administration

principal regulator of tonicity, synthesized in paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of hypothalamus

vasopressin

vasopressin serum osmolality >290, urine osm <290

nephrogenic DI

acute life-threatening surge of thyroid hormones triggered by surgery, infection, trauma

thyroid storm

in grave's disease treatment, repeat thyroid hormones after

1-3 months

xray finding of hypothyroidism

epiphyseal dysgenesis - T12 or L1-2 deformity

MC thyroid disease in children

Hashimoto/lymphocytic/autoimmune thyroiditis

diffusely enlarged thyroid, firm, nontender; usually euthyroid

thyroiditis

MCC of CAH

deficiency of 21-OH enzyme

type of CAH na may virilization of females

salt-losing

causes atypical genitalia, electrolyte imbalance,dehydration, failure to thrive, low NaCl, high K, low cortisol, low 21-OH

adrenal insufficiency crisis

given in CAH to inhibit excessive production of androgens and prevents progressive virilization

glucocorticoids

hyperfunctioning adrenal cortex leading to high cortisol

cushing syndrome

excessive increase in epinephrine and norepinephrine, abdominal mass right side

pheochromocytoma

metabolite of catecholamines elevated in pheochromocytoma

VMA

enuresis in a previously toilet-trained child, pyogenic skin infections, monilial vaginitis

Criteria to dx DM

RBS >200 FBS >126 unexplained weight loss glucosuria

complication avoided in administering fluids in DKA

cerebral edema

reliable index of long term glycemic control

HbA1C

HBA1C poor control

13.20%

age where spirometry can be performed

allergic salute, nasal crease/rabbit nose, dennie morgan folds/allergic shiners

atopy

type of AR where allergens induce symptoms all year round

perennial AR

persistent infection even with proper antibiotic therapy

immunodeficiency

healthy infants until 6 months old where recurrent infections start, no palpable LN, no tonsils

BBB -B cell immunodeficiency disorder/Bruton disease - bacterial infections

profound system immunodeficiency, susceptible to chronic candida infections, 50% due to deficient adenosine deaminase

SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disorder)

mainstay of treatment in SCID

bone marrow transplantation

congenital thymic aplasiaa

DiGeorge syndrome

recurrent infections, decrease platelet, eczema

WIskott-Aldrich syndrome TIE WASp mutation

absent IgA causing repeated respiratory, urogenital, and gastrointestinal infections

selective IgA deficiency

fatal infectious mononucleosis, healthy child until infected with EBV

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease/duncan disease