Peds Flashcards
birth-2 years
infancy
1 year
toddler
Child uses sensory info to cue movement
Use movement to explore (make sure environment is safe)
infancy
Up to puberty
Self centered (does not like to be told no, mine- sharing is issue
childhood
2 years- 10 female
2 years-12 male
childhood
10-18 female, 12-20 male
adolescence
physiological flexion (newborn governed by reflexes)
Curled up in ball
Begin head control and straightening of body
Tummy time - get out of flexed posture (help create curvature in lordotic spine and gain head control)
No tummy time= does not get extension
newborn
Doctors doing SIDS: want kids to sleep supine not on stomach
Need tummy time to strengthen cervical extensors to get lordotic curve in Cervical spine
Risk of supine: plagiocephaly (asymmetrical head)
Prone forces bilateral strengthening of cervical extensors
newborn
Prop up on forearm in prone
3 months
Head control (no head lag when pulled to sit)
4 months
Roll segmentally supine to prone
6-8 months
Prone to supine
2-4 months
supine to prone
4-6 months
independent sitting
6-8 months
creep/ crawl reciprocal
pulls up to stand
8-9 months
cruising, mod plantigrade
10-11 months
walk independent
12-15 months
smile, imitate movement/ expressions, familiar faces, visual tracking
3 months
respond to name, respond to sounds by making own sounds, mimic sounds, babble sounds (m’s and b’s), interaction with other people, understand different tones of voice- understand no
4-8 months
understand pointing (important for autism- don’t understand pointing)
9-12 months
7 months (use thenar/palm)
radial grasp
9 months (radial side to index finger)
radial digital
9-12 months (pick up cheerio, lateral inferior side of thumb)
inferior pincer
1 year
superior pincer
3 year, 5-6 yrs consistently (prek, 2nd/3rd finger with thumb- how they hold marker)
three chuck jaw
ride on toy, kicking ball (ball and child stationary), throws ball, walk up/ down stairs with handheld and step to , stack six blocks, holds crayon with palmar grip, pointing
15-24 months
walk/ run on toes, ride tricycle, dress themselves, walk down stairs alt feet, catch ball, hop on one foot, turn knob, open/ close jar, 12-15 puzzle, fold clothes
2 years
throw ball 10ft, walk on line 10ft, hop 2-10x on one foot, jump over obstacles up to 12 inch, throw/catch small ball, runs fast and avoid obstacles, copies circle/cross, match color, cut w scissors, draw human with head/ extremities, draw squares
3/4 years preschool
Early on: 3 ft (usually palmar grasp integrating and just let go)
2 yrs: 6 ft
3-4 yrs: 10ft
skip, gallop, jump rope, bounce large ball, kick ball with control, hand preference 4-6 yrs, hand dominance 6-7 yrs, jumping jacks
5/6 years elementary
competition, improve balance
9-12 years, intermediate
eye hand coordination, dexterity for fine task (crafts/art)
13+
Internal body processes stabilize
Basic biological rhythms are established
Spontaneous grasp and release are established
1-2 months
Forearm support develops
Head control is established
Midline orientation is present
3-4 months
Antigravity control of extensors/ flexors begin
Bottom lifting present
4-5 months
Strong extension- abduction of limbs is present
Complete trunk extension is present
Pivots on tummy
Sits alone
Spontaneous trunk rotation begins
6 months
Trunk control develops along with sitting balance
7-8 months
Movement progression is seen in crawling, creeping, pulling up to stand, cruising
8-10 months
Independent ambulation occurs
May move in and out of full squat
11-12 months
Carries or pulls an object while walking
Walks sideways and backward
16-17 months
Easily squats and recovers toy
20-22 months
Arm swing is present during ambulation
Heel strike is present during ambulation
24 months
