EKG Flashcards
atrial depolarization
P wave
conduction through AV node
PR segment
ventricular depolarization (atrial repolarization hidden)
QRS complex
ventricular repolarization (absolute refractory)
ST segment
ventricular repolarization (relative refractory period)
T wave
heart primary pacemaker
SA node
MOST COMMON ARE
PVC
conduction starts in SA
follows path through atria
hits AV junction (AV NODE)
follows path through bundle branches
and through ventricles
ectopic beat oustide atria
doesn’t affect cardiac output, ok to exercise
PACS
ectopic beat originate in ventricle
(delay or miss contraction)
(side effect to caffeine/ nicotine)
ok to exercise w no side effects
if it’s increases- sign of MI
PVCs
clench fist over sternum
Leviene sign
angina- pain from ischemia, is reversible, shows up as ST depress
lack of oxygen to myocardium
muscle damage is irreversible
(take aspirin/ nitroglycerin)
ischemic wound takes 4-6 wks to heal
(low level but no aerobic)
MI
avoid HR greater than 15, can exercise
“irregularly irregular”
take 1 min for HR
1/3 cardiac arrhythmia
1/5 every stroke
*clots in atria, take blood thinners
risk MI PE & stroke
A fib
HR above 150
may/ may not have pulse
Ventricular tachycardia
Vtach
ventricles don’t contract they quiever/ fibrilate
no effective contraction
PULSELESSNESS/ APENIC
reversed with treatment
CPR- AED
V fib
any rhythm but V fib or V tach
no palpable pulse
PEA- CPR
NO AED
pulselessness electrical activity
absence of activity
Pulselessness and apenic
NO AED
GET BACK TO A FIB OR V FIB
asystole
insertion of radiopaque dye to help
determine lesions or blockage or
arteries
Angiogram
insertion of catheter into artery
(femoral or radial)
• Follow arteries up to the aorta
• Place catheter tip into coronary
arteries
• Inject dye to inspect vasculature
coronary angiogram/ heart cath
ultrasound to assess wall motion integrity, valvular status, wall thickness, chamber size LV function
echocardiogram
Swan Ganz into right side of heart
• Inserted if unable to use cath
•patient able to exercise in bed/ chair
Central line
ST depression is
angina
regular/ irregular look at
QRS
