Peds Flashcards
What is the number one cause of death in children?
trauma
What is the best indicator of shock in pediatric patients?
tachycardia
What is a tachycardic for kids?
- neonates > 150
- 1-6 years old > 120
- 6-12 years old > 110
- over thirteen > 90
What is the preferred strategy for fluid resuscitation in pediatric trauma?
- start with a 20cc/kg bolus x2
- then move to a 10cc/kg blood transfusion
What is the target UOP for pediatric patients?
- neonates are 2-3 cc/kg/hr
- toddlers and older are 1cc/kg/hr
Which pediatric trauma patients get an uncuffed tube?
neonates
What is the differential for emesis in a neonate?
- medical: infectious, allergy, metabolic disorder
- surgical: GERD, pyloric stenosis, intestinal obstruction, atresia
What is the differential for emesis in toddlers and infants?
- medical: infectious, neurologic/psychologic, gastroparesis
- surgical: intussussception
What is the differential for emesis in an adolescent?
- medical: functional, psychologic, IBD
- surgical: appendicitis
What metabolic disturbance is seen in those with pyloric stenosis?
- hypochloremic hypokalemia
- metabolic alkalosis
- paradoxic aciduria
How is a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis made?
based on an US with thickness > 4mm and length > 14mm
What should guide the fluid resuscitation in a patient with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
- use a dextrose containing fluid
- target bicarb < 30 and chloride > 100
What is the difference between a type A and type C TEF?
- A: second most common, just esophageal atresia
- C: most common, esophageal atresia and distal TEF
What other screening should those with a TEF undergo?
look for VACTRL anamolies
- V: vertebral anomalies - sacral US
- A: anorectal - imperforate anus/rectal exam
- C: cardiac - echo
- T: TEF
- R: renal - renal US
- L: limb - physical exam
What tests are used to look for VACTRL anomalies?
- sacral US
- rectal exam
- echo
- AXR
- renal US
- physical exam of limbs