Pediatrics - Vaccine Background

Question 1

Which vaccines are live-attenuated? (7)

Answer 1

measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, influenza (LAIV), polio (OPV), rotavirus

Question 2

Which vaccines are toxoid-derived? (2)

Answer 2

diphtheria, tetanus

Question 3

Which vaccines are inactivated? (4)

Answer 3

hepatitis A, influenza (IIV), pertussis, polio (IPV)

Question 4

Which vaccines are inactivated/recombinant? (4)

Answer 4

hepatitis B, HPV, RSV, zoster (RZV)

Question 5

Which vaccines are conjugated/polysaccharide? (3)

Answer 5

Hib, meningococcal, pneumococcal

Question 6

Which vaccines are mRNA-derived? (2)

Answer 6

COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna

Question 7

Which vaccines are protein subunit-derived?

Answer 7

COVID-19 Novavax

Question 8

Why is maintaining high vaccination rates beneficial? (4)

Answer 8

reduces likelihood of disease outbreaks, protects people who cannot be vaccinated due to medical reasons, children who are too young to be fully vaccinated, and those who have blunted immune responses to vaccines

Question 9

Which vaccines have DTaP + IPV? (2)

Answer 9

Kinrix, Quadracel

Question 10

Which vaccine has DTaP + IPV + Hib?

Answer 10

Pentacel

Question 11

Which vaccine has DTaP + IPV + Hep B?

Answer 11

Pediarix

Question 12

Which vaccine has DTaP + IPV + Hib + Hep B?

Answer 12

Vaxelis

Question 13

Which vaccine has MMR + Varicella?

Answer 13

ProQuad

Question 14

Which vaccine has Hep A + Hep B?

Answer 14

Twinrix

Question 15

Which vaccine combination has a 28-day minimum interval?

Answer 15

ONLY 2 or more live vaccines IF not administered simultaneously

Question 16

Which vaccines should be administered during a pregnancy to the mother? (4)

Answer 16

Tdap, RSV, IIV, COVID-19

Question 17

What is the recommendation for live vaccines in patients receiving chemo/radiation?

Answer 17

vaccinate 2 weeks before or 3 months after treatment

Question 18

What is the recommendation for live vaccines in patients receiving high-dose systemic corticosteroids?

Answer 18

2 or more mg/kg/day OR 20 mg/day prednisone for 14 or more days vaccinate 1 or more months after treatment

Question 19

What is the recommendation for IVIG administration following live vaccines?

Answer 19

must wait 14 days after immunization, otherwise vaccine must be readministered

Question 20

What is the recommendation for TB skin tests following live vaccines?

Answer 20

must wait 4-6 weeks to place PPD

Question 21

Which vaccines can be administered subcutaneously? (3)

Answer 21

MMRV, PPV23, polio

Question 22

Where should subcutaneous vaccines be administered in <12 months and 12 or more?

Answer 22

<12 = thigh, 12 or more = triceps

Question 23

Where should intramuscular vaccines be administered in <18 months and 36 or more?

Answer 23

<18 = thigh, 36 or more = deltoid

Question 24

Which vaccines can be administered orally? (2)

Answer 24

oral poliovirus (OPV), rotavirus

Question 25

What are the vaccine myths? (4)

Answer 25

the diseases they prevent are not serious, we are not (no longer) at risk for the diseases they present, they are not safe, they are not effective