Pediatrics - Drug Delivery/Calculations Flashcards
What percent of children aged 6-11 cannot swallow tablets?
56%
What are the disadvantages of liquid dosage forms? (3)
lack of controlled release mechanisms, volume required for dose, accuracy in measuring devices
What are pros and cons for chewable tablets?
pros = minimizes need for additional liquid; cons = must be able to chew, not for extended release, taste, difficult to control dosage
What are pros and cons for mini tablets?
pros = ease of swallowing; cons = limited dosage flexibility, max mgs per tablet
What are pros and cons for oral disintegrating tablets?
pros = minimizes need for additional liquid; cons = cannot easily split, taste
What are pros and cons for orodispersible films?
pros = dose flexibility; cons = taste, higher cost to packaging/manufacturing
What are pros and cons for powder packets?
pros = eliminated need for crushing tablets, ready-to-use; cons = may require volume to mix, not easily titratable
What are pros and cons for capsules with granules?
pros = ease of administration; cons = limited dose flexibility
What is the primary source of non-compliance in children?
palatability
What chemical can cause neurotoxicity and metabolic acidosis in neonates?
benzoyl alcohol
What chemical can cause kidney/liver failure, thrombocytopenia, ascites, and pulmonary deterioration in neonates?
polysorbates 20 and 80
What chemical can cause seizures, hyperosmolality, metabolic acidosis, and neurotoxicity?
propylene glycol
What chemical can cause osmotic diarrhea?
sorbitol
What is the BUD for non-preserved aqueous dosage forms?
14 days
What is the BUD for preserved aqueous dosage forms?
35 days
