Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Pediatrics Test 2: Integumentary Dysfunction > Flashcards

Pediatrics Test 2: Integumentary Dysfunction Flashcards

0
Q

What is the medicine for diaper dermatitis?

A

White petrollium: ointment creates barrier from getting to skin
Zinc: usually white. Essential mineral for skin integrity. Desiden and don’t want to get in the crevice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is irritant diaper disorder?

A

Occurs from moisture trapped in diaper or contact dermis is from the allergens
Peak age of 9-12 months, as they grow you don’t change them as much
Associated with frequency of dearer change and new foods which changes urine and poop pH
Convex surface (less on creases)
Red, excoriation
Rx: keep clean, air dry; barrier ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Candidiasis?

A

Bright red, confluent lesions with raised border and satellite lesions (away from primary irritation)
In folds, painful
Can spread to mouth (thrush): white patches on cheeks and tongue. If it wipes off with a q-tip its milk, if it adheres its carditis. Altered flora secondary to antibiotic use.

Rx: anti fungal powder or cream (Nystatin) but on cheek and down middle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is atopic dermatitis?

A

Chronic inflammatory skin condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are common allergies

A

Hereditary tendency
Food: peanuts, milk, soy, eggs, gluten, fish, orange juice, tomato juice
Material: wood, plastic in diaper, bottle and pacifier, nylon
Inhalants: house dust, dander, pollen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does atopic dermatitis start?

A

On cheek and spreads extensor

Worry about secondary infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are clinical manifestations of Atopic Dermitis?

A 
Erythema
Vesicles or populses 
Weeping/oozing
Crusting
Scaling 
Dry skin
Keratosis pilaris: chicken skin
Lichenification: scales
Pursuits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment for atopic dermatitis?

A

Maintain hydration via tepid bath, mild or no soap, emollient within 3 minutes. Soak and seal. thick cream Eucarin & Cetaphil
Cover patches with soft cotton cloth
Colloid baths with oatmeal
Short nails to avoid itch and scratch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is prevention and treeatment of atopic Dermitis?

A 
Topical antihistamines
Oral antihistamines
Hypoallergenic food
Avoidance of chemical,msolvent, soap, detergent, fragrance, smoke and care products
Occasional oral corticosteroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the different types of skin wounds?

A

Abrasion: superficial scrape
Avulsion: forcefully dig out tissue (Sams leg)
Laceration: slice through skin
Incision: straight with scalpel
Penetrating wound: something went in and extended
Puncture: small open compared to depth of penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes a delay in wound healing?

A 
Decrease blood flow
Malnutrition
Illness/immune compromised 
Picked at, irritated, infected 
Foreign bodies in it
Environments to dry
Medications: chemo, corticosteroids 
Antiseptics: hydro peroxide,  bedodine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is impetigo contagiosa?

A

Superficial bacterial skin infections from staphylococci.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does Impetigo Contagiosa spread?

A

Scratiching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Impetigo Contagiosa?

A

Vesicles that weep and crust over (honey colored)

Dry/itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the prevention of Impetigo Contagiosa?

A

Hand washing

Remove with 1:20 burrow solution and treatment Bactrian ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the risk factors of Impetigo Contagiosa?

A

Poor hygiene
Insect bite
Larger congregate setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are Furnucle/Carbuncle?

A

Boils/abscesses

Cause is MRSA (staphylococcus areoles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the sign and symptoms of Furnucles?

A 
Sweeping
Elevation
Erythema
Warm
Density
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you treat Furnucles?

A

Hot pack, head open and drain, incision and drainage, vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

Inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of cellulitis?

A

Warm, red, swelling, streaking, lymphnode enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you treat cellulitis?

A

Antibiotic
Hot/moist pack
Rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Verruca vulgarisms?

A

Warts caused by HPV. Disappear at some point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the treatment of Verruca vulgaris?

A 
Ignore
Electrocotory 
Cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen) 
Seeds are terminal ends of capillary 
Hand washing and clean shower
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the Herpes Simplex Type 1?

A

Group vesicles (cold sores)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What irritates herpes simplex 1?

A

Stress
Sun
Acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the prevention of herpes simplex 1?

A

Sunblock

Avoid secondary infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What’s the signs and symptoms of herpes simplex 1?

A 
Lips
Nose
Genitalia
Itch
Burn
28
Q

How do you treat Herpes simplex 1?

A

Zofrax
Cold compress
Oral or IV acylovera

29
Q

What is Herpes Zoster?

A

Shingles

Lays dormant

30
Q

What is Herpes Zoster secondary to?

A

Chicken pox
Along posterior root ganglia
Unilaterally

31
Q

How do you treat Herpes Zoster?

A

Pain

Narcotics
Local moist compressor
Acyclover

32
Q

What are the signs and symptom of Herpes Zoster?

A

Neurological pain
Hypersensitive
Pain
Itch

33
Q

What is Molluscum contagiousum?

A

Raised flesh colored papulle with umbilicated with caseous plugs
Seen in toddlers
Resolves in 18 months, spread

34
Q

What is the treatment of Molluscum contsgiosum

A

Cover it

Cryotherapy

35
Q

What are the different types of Dermatophytosis

A

Tinea capitis
Tinea corporis
Tinea pedis
Tinea cruris

36
Q

What is Tinea capitis?

A 
Scalp fungus
Silver scales 
Difficult to treat
Use oral Ketocon, Azol and shampoo 
Superficial fungal infections
37
Q

What is Tinea corporis?

A 
Ringworm 
Raised papulles
Eryothemitis 
Scaling
Superficial
Treatment is anti fungal 2x day for 30 day 
Don't cover with anything
38
Q

What is Tinea pedis?

A

Athletes foot
Start as papulles, gets scaley, starts between toes
Treat OTC antifungals, sandals, change socks, clean shower

39
Q

Why is Tinea cruris?

A

Jock itch
Treat with topical antifungal
Get dry

40
Q

What is scabies?

A

Spread by scabies mite to lay egg burrows in epidermis

Occurs 30-60 days after original contact

41
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of scabies?

A

Intense itching

42
Q

What is the treatment of scabies?

A

Eliminate
Apply all surfaces
Leave on 8-14 hours then bathe
Treat all household members may have itching 2-4 weeks after

43
Q

What is Pediculosis Capitis?

A

Head lice common in pre-school age children

44
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Pediculosis Capitis?

A

Severe itching
Hair matting
Look for live lice, pustules or nits (egg sac) that are adherent to hair strand

45
Q

What is the treatment for Pediculosis Capitis?

A

Permithisn or other shampoo/cream rinse
Fine tooth comb along entire head and pull out
Done every 7-10 days
Examine all close contacts

46
Q

What s lyme disease carried by?

A

Ticks carry borelli burgdorferi carried in saliva and tick feces

47
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Lyme Disease?

A

3-30 day: erythema migrans at bite site. Bulls eye
3-10 wks: early disseminated disease. New lesions, fever, fatigue and headache
2-12 mo: systemic of neurological, cardiac symptoms

48
Q

What is the treatment for Lyme Disease?

A

Oral amoxicillin or doxycycline (over 8years) for 14-21 days in the fist stage
Systemic treated with IM or IV penicillin G

49
Q

What is the prevention of Lyme disease?

A 
Avoid tick infected area
Wear long sleeves and pants
Check for ticks
Remove
  - grasp with fine tweezers to skin
  - pull upward with steady, even pressure
  - clean the bite area and hands
50
Q

What is acne vulgaris?

A

Most common presentation at 16-17 for girls and 18 to boys

Familial tendency

50
Q

What is acne vulgaris?

A

Most common presentation at 16-17 for girls and 18 to boys

Familial tendency

52
Q

How do you treat acne vulgaris nonpharmacologiclly?

A 
Adequate rest
Moderate exercise
Well balanced diet
Reduction of emotional stress 
Gentle cleansing with mild cleanser 1-2x days
53
Q

How do you treat acne vulgaris medically?

A

Benzoyl peroxide
Topical retinoids: Tretinoin
Topical antibiotics: Clindamycin, erythromycin-metronidazole
Systemic antibiotics: tetracycline, erythromycin, minocycline, doxycycline
Oral retinoids: accutane
Oral contraceptive

54
Q

What are burns resulted from?

A

Thermal, chemical, electrical or radioactive agent
Hot water burns common in children
Flame related burns in older children
10-20% associated in child abuse
1 in 10 from children playing with matches

55
Q

What are some risk factors of burns?

A

Water heaters set to high
Access to hot liquids
Room heaters with pans of water for humidity
Access to stovetops or electrical appliances
Unguarded bathroom faucets
Young children left unattended in bathroom
Cooking without supervision
Plying with matches or fire
Child abuse

56
Q

What is a 1st degree burn?

A

Superficial
Involves epidermis: outer layer
Tender, swollen, red
Like a sunburn

57
Q

What s a 2nd degree burn?

A

Partial thickness
Involves epidermis and dermis
Blister formation or reddened discolored region with moist weeping surface

58
Q

What is a 3rd degree burn?

A

Full thickness
Involves entire dermis and potions of subcutaneous tissue
Leathery brown with little surface moisture

59
Q

Why is a 4th degree burn?

A

Full thickness

Involves subcutaneous, fascia, muscle and bone

60
Q

What is a minor burn?

A

Superficial and partial thickness
First and second degree
<15% body surface but not face, hands, feet or genitalia

61
Q

What are moderate burns?

A

Partial thickness

Second degree covering <30%

62
Q

Why s a major burn?

A

Partial thickness

Second degree

63
Q

What do burns cause beyond damaged skin?

A

Edema
Fluid loss
Circulatory changes
Renal impact: decrease blood flow to kidneys creates Oliguria
GI response
Hyper metabolism: rapid protein breakdown and muscle wasting
Increased capillary permeability and increased osmotic pressure that causes fluid leakage into skin.

64
Q

Watt are complications of burns?

A 
Airway compromise and severe shock
Infection local or systemic 
Pulmonary edema 
Respiratory injury secondary to smoke inhalation or carbon monoxide 
Wound sepsis 
Contracture deformities
Scarring
Body image changes
65
Q

What is the emergency management of minor burns?

A

Immerse in cold water to Duce pain and edema
Cleane with mild soap
Cover with fine mesh gauze lubricated with water soluble anti microbial ointment
Update tetanus is need
Provide analgesics
D not disturb blister

66
Q

Emergency mangement for major burns?

A 
Stop the burning process
Assess the victims condition: ABC 
Call for EMS transport 
Cover burns with clean dressing. Decrease pain by decreasing air movement across burn
Reassure and comfort child
67
Q

What is the hospital management for burns?

A 
Airway: oxygen, intubation, ventilation as needed
Large bore IV, fluid resuscitation. 
Remove burned clothing a d jewelry 
Evaluate would extent and depth
Nasogastric tube 
Foley catheter and hourly output
Pain and anxiety management 
Scrape off all dead skin by bit and put in sterile tube
68
Q

What is burn wound management?

A 
Primary excision of Escher 
Hydrotherapy and debridment 
Dressing
Topical anti microbial agent
Temporary skin substitute 
Permanent skin covering 
Compression of garment, splint, physical therapy 
Maintain joint mobility by not allowing skin to heal tight.

Pediatrics (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions