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Step 2 > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in kids with sickle cell?

A

Salmonella

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in kids?

A

Staph aureus

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3
Q

What is the next best test in diagnosing osteomyelitis in kids? What are the findings?

A

X-ray – periosteal elevation, sequestrum, involucrum

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4
Q

What is the best test for diagnosing osteomyelitis in kids?

A

MRI

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5
Q

47XXY

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

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6
Q

How does albuterol help bronchoconstriction?

A

Binds to beta receptors to increase cAMP in smooth muscle cells which relax and allow for dilation

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7
Q

Low set ears, wide set eyes with history of severe fungal and viral infections

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

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8
Q

What is the mutation in DiGeorge Syndrome?

A

22q11 deletion causing aberrant development of third and fourth pharyngeal pouch

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9
Q

What are the 5 manifestations of DiGeorge Syndrome

A 
Cardiac defects 
Abnormal facies
Thymic hypoplasia/aplasia 
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
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10
Q

Cafe-at-lait spots, neurofibromas, optic gliomas, Lisch nodules

A

NF Type 1

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11
Q

What pediatric brain tumor is associated with elevated hematocrit?

A

Hemangioblastoma

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12
Q

Brain tumor made of foamy stromal cells within highly vascular neoplasm in child

A

HemangioblAstoma

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13
Q

What familial disorder is associated with a defect in chromosome 3?

A

VHL

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14
Q

What familial disorder is associated with a defect on chromosome 5?

A

FAP

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15
Q

What cancer is associated with a defect on chromosome 13?

A

Retinoblastoma

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16
Q

What disorder should be suspected in a child with a hemangioma?

A

VHL

17
Q

What are the 4 malignancies associated with VHL disease?

A

Hemangiomas
Hemangioblastoma
RCC
Pheochromocytoma

18
Q

What is sometimes used to decrease the duration and severity of a measles infection?

A

Vitamin A

19
Q

bilateral acoustic schwannomas, cataracts, meningiomas, ependymomas

A

Neurofibromatosis 2

20
Q

What are the 4 major findings in neurofibromatosis 2?

A

bilateral acoustic schwannomas
Cataracts
Meningiomas
Ependymomas

21
Q

What are the vaccines given at a well-child check at 6 months?

A 
Hep B
DTaP
Hib
Polio 
Pneumococcus 
Rotavirus
22
Q

What does the APGAR score measure?

A

Appearance (blue or pink)
Pulse (absent, <100 or >100)
Grimace (absent, grimace, grimace + cough)
Activity (limp, some activity, active)
Respiration (none, slow or irregular, strong cry)

Step 2 (7 decks)

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