Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step3 > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

At birth give…

A

0.5% erythromycin ophthalmic ointment

M1mg vit k IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

At discharge give…

A

If Mom is HbSAg neg(“•> hep b vaccine

Mom is hbsag pos—> HepB IVIG AND vaccine

Hearing test for

  • PKU
  • galactosemia
  • hypothyroidism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Abnormalities in the newborn

Hemangioma 
Erythema toxicum
Port wine stain
Mongolian spots
Preauricular tags
Coloboma
Aniridia
Branchial cleft cyst
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Omphalocele
Gastrocjisis
Umbilical.hernia
Hydrocepe
Uneescended testes
Hypospadoas
Epispadias
Inguinal hernia
A

Mongolian spots
- rule out child abuse but usually fade

Erythema toxicum
- self limiting
Port wine stain ( nevus flammeus)
Dx sturge Weber- MR, glaucoma, seizures ( anti convulsants)

Hemangioma

  • tx with steroids
  • grow then involute by age 5-9

Preauricular tags
Asscd with hearing loss and GU abnormalities ( do u/s kidneys)

Coboloma
Asscd with CHARGE syndrome

Aniridia
Asscd with wilms tumor ( abd u/s q3 until 8

Branchial cyst
Asscd with infxn

Thyroglossal cyst
Asscd with thyroid ectopia and infection

Omphalocele
Asscd with chromosomes abnormalities- screen for trisomy 21,18,13

Gastrochisis
Asscd with intestinal atresia

Umbilical hernia
Asscd with congenital hypothyroidism

Hydrocele
Asscd with umbilical hernia
Undesxended testes
Asscd with malignancy >.1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Infant of Diabetic mothers

Lab abnormalities

Asscd with

A 
Hypocalcemia  
Hypoglycemia 
Hypomagnesemua
Hyperbilirubinemia
Polycythemia 
Cardiac defects(asd,VSD, transposition)
Small left colon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Respiratory disease

What to order on ccs

Best initial test

Best initial treatment

A 
Abg
CBC 
Glucose
BCx
Cranial u/s

Best initial test CXR

Best initial treatment
Oxygen SaO2> 95%
NasAl ap
Empiric ABx

If oxy does not improve—> cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neonatal RDS

A

Best initial test CXR

Best predictive test lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio

Best initial treatment oxy and nasal cpap most effective therapy exogenous surfactant (Lucinactant)

Antenatal betamethAsone
Tocolytics to prevent premature

Possible complications:
Retinopathy of prematurity
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Intraventricular hemmorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Meconium aspiration

Tx
Prevention
Possible complications

A

PPV ( positive pressure ventilation)
High frequency ventilation
Nitric oxide therapy
ECMO

Ppx: endorrqcheal intubation And airway suction

Complications:

  • pulmonary artery hypertension
  • Ptx
  • Pmeumomediastonum
  • Aspiration pneumonitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Meconium plugs and meconium ileus

A 
Plugs:
CF
Hirschprungs
Maternal drug use
Small left colon

Ileus:
CF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Duodenal atresia

A

Presents with vomiting gastric and bilious material

PolyhydrAmnios

Rx with ng tube decompression and surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Double bubble diff Dx

A

Duodenal atresia
Annular pancreas
Malrotation
Volvulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Failure to pass meconium

A

Best initial test: rectal exam

Next step in the work up: barium enema

Best confirmatory test: rectal biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If jaundice in the first 24 hours of life ( pathological )…

Dx tests

A
  • total and direct bill
  • blood type in infant and Mom
  • Coombs test
  • CBC, retic ct, and blood smear
  • UA and urine Cx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Prolonged jaundice ( more than 2 weeks and indirect bilirubin

A

Hemolysis
G6PD, elliptocytosis, spherocytosis, PKD
UTI or other infection
Gilbert’s Or Crigler Najjar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prolonged jaundice (more than 2 weeks and elevation of direct bili… consider cholestatsis

Initial test
Most specific

A

LFT

U/S And liver biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Kernicterus Tx

A

Exchange transfusion!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neonatal sepsis workup

A

1) CBC with diff
2) ua and ur cx
3) CXR
4) bcx

17
Q

Early onset sepsis cAused by

Late onset sepsis cAused by…

Tx

A

Pneumonia

Meningitis and bacteremia.

Empiric treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin
If meningitis is possible—> cefotaxime

18
Q

TORCH

A 
T : toxoplasmosis 
Choriotetinitis
Intracranial calcification 
Hydrocephalus 
Dx with ItM against toxoplasmosis 
O: other : syphillis
Desquamating skin rash
Snuffles
Osteochondritos And periostitis
Best initial: vdrl
Most specific IgN- fta-abs
Varicella 
Pneumonia 
Limb hypoplasia
Cutaneous scars 
Seizures 
Mr best initial test IgM serology 
Most specific: pcr of amniotic fluid
R: rubella
Blueberry muffin spots
Deafness, cataracts, And heart defects
Dx with maternal rubella immune status negative or unknown 
Or IgM against rubella

C: cmv
Microcephaly with peri ventricular calcification
Petecyia with thrombocytopenia
Sensinoneural hearing loss

Dx urine or saliva cmv Cx
Serum cmv IgM Ab

H: herpes
First week : pneumonia/shock
Second week: skin vesicles Keratoconjumctivis
Third to fourth week: acute meningoencephalitis
Dx
Best initial: tzanck smear
Most specific: hsv pcr

19
Q

Seizure workup in neonate

A

EEG
CBC and electrolytes, calcium, magnesium, glucose
Amino acid assay and urine organic acids
BCx And UrCx
Total cord blood IgM
Lp
Head u/s

20
Q

Substance abuse and withdrawal

Tx

A

Opioids and phenobarbital

21
Q

Teratogens

Andsthetics
Barbiturates 
Magnesium sulfate
Phenobarbital 
Sulfonamides
NSAIDs
Ace I
Isotretinoin
Phenytoin
Des
Tetracycline 
Lithium 
Warfarin
Valproate/carbamazepine
A 
Respiratory and cns depression 
Respiratory and cns depression 
Respiratory depression 
Vit k deficiency 
Displaces bilirubin from albumin
Premature closure of DA
Craniofacial abnormalities,
CHD
HypoplAstic nails, iugr,  typical facies
- caginal adenocarcinoma
- enamel hypoplasia, teeth discoloration 
- ebstein anomaly 
- facial dysmormhophksm, chondrodysppasia
- MR, NTD
22
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

A

Igf2 disruption at 11p15.5

Multiorgan enlargement

Increased risk of abd tumors so you need U/S And AFP every 6 months to 6 years

23
Q

Pierre robin

A

Asscd with fetal alcohol syndrome and Edwards

Mandibulsr hypoplasia
Cleft lip

Monitor airway!!!

24
Q

CI to breastfeeding

A 
Galactosemia
Hiv
Hsv if lesions Are present
Acute maternal disease
Maternal cancer receiving treatment 
Substance abuse

Step3 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions