Pediatrics

Question 1

Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity ?

Answer 1

PaO2 greater than 80 or 90 for prolonged periods history of hypoxia hypercarbia ,hypocarbia , sepsis and apnea

Question 2

Age related risk for retinopathy of prematurity

Answer 2

ROP risk negligible if postconceptional age > 44weeks

Question 3

VACTERL stands for ?

Answer 3

V: vertebral anomaly
A : anal atresia
C: congenital heart disease
T: tracheoesophageal fistula
E: esophageal atresia
R: renal abnormalities
L: Limb defects

Question 4

How Shunts affect IV induction ?

Answer 4

Left to right shunt: slower

Right to left. : Faster

Question 5

How shunts affect inhalation Induction ?

Answer 5

Left to right: normal CO no change.
Decrease CO faster

Right to left : slower.

Question 6

What is a TET spell ?

Answer 6

A hyper cyanotic attack due to spasm of the infundibular cardiac muscle treat with Phenylephrine which increases the SVR an Esmolol that reduces the infundibular spasm.

Question 7

Anesthetic considerations for pyloric stenosis?

Answer 7

Medical emergency not a surgical emergency correct metabolic derangements and volume resuscitate prior to surgery, gastric gastric decompression prior to operating room, rapid sequence intubation, minimize opioids, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis from vomiting decreases respiratory drive ,additional opioids will worsen respiration.