Pediatric Urology

Question 1

What is the presentation of a UTI?

Answer 1

Infants: Fever
Children:Dysuria, dysfunctional voiding, abdo pain

Question 2

How do we diagnose and treat a UTI?

Answer 2

1. Diagnostic: typically catheterization (suprapubic aspirate techinically gold standard)
2. Treat: antibiotics

Question 3

Dysfunctional voiding

Answer 3

Holding pee strengthens pee holding muscles (internal bladder sphincter.
This does not relax, so cannot fully void- most common cause of bladder infection in children
Associated with tight pelvic floor

Question 4

Vesicourecteric Reflux

Answer 4

Backwash of urine into the kidneys- can cause damage and scarring of the kidneys
Causes: Congenital short intramural tunnel, high pressure postural urethral valves, neurogenic bladder
Treat: antibiotic prophylaxis, potential surgery

Question 5

Common penile abnormalities

Answer 5

1. Smegma
2. Phimosis
3. Balanitis
4. Paraphimosis
5. Meatal ulcer

Question 6

Rare penile abnormalities

Answer 6

1. Meatal stenosis
2. Hypospadias (common in premies)
3. ambiguous phallus

Question 7

Cryptochidism

Answer 7

Undescended testicle- screen for early as treatment is best initiated between 6 mo and 2 years (may help decrease risk of testicular cancer