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Clinical Disaplines > PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY > Flashcards

PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY Flashcards

1
Q

i. produced by re-opening of airways closed on previous expiration

A

crackles

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2
Q

i. continuous high pitched
ii. musical sound
predominantly on expiration

A

Wheezes

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3
Q

i. non musical sound (snoring)

ii. Possible causes: pneumonia, cystic fibrosis

A

a. Rhonchi:

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4
Q

i. heard predominantly on inspiration

ii. Possible causes: croup, laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, allergic rxn, vocal cord dysfunction

A

a. Stridor:

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5
Q

a. Subglottic narrowing

A
  1. Viral Croup
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6
Q

i. Inspiratory stridor

Cough: barking; “seal-like”

A

Viral Croup

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7
Q

Viral Croup Etiology

A

Parainfluenza Virus Type 1

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8
Q

croup radiographs

A

steeple sign

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9
Q

croup moderate treatment

A

Dexamethasone

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10
Q

what are the 5 components of the westly croup score

A
  1. Level of consciousness
  2. Cyanosis
  3. Stridor
  4. Air Entry
  5. Retractions
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11
Q

what pathology do you not use a tongue blade for

A

Epiglottitis:

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12
Q

what is the main pathogen foe epiglittitis

A

Haemophilus influenza

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13
Q

thumb sign on radiograph is associated with what pathology

A

Epiglottitis

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14
Q

what is the treatment for epiglottitis

A

ceftriaxone + vanco

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15
Q

a. Lower respiratory tract infection that affects the small airways (bronchioles) in pt’s < 2

A
  1. Bronchiolitis
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16
Q

what is the primary pathogen for 1. Bronchiolitis

A

RSV

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17
Q

a. Most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children < 1 yr

A

RSV

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18
Q

i. CXR: hyperinflation, peribronchial thickening
ii. crackles, prolonged expiration, wheezing, retractions
iii. congestion, lots of mucus

A

RSV

19
Q

what is the test for RSV

A

rapid test

20
Q

what is the primary treatment for RSV

A

supportive

21
Q

when do you give Ribavirin- for RSV

A

only if immuneocomprimised

22
Q

what is the RSV IG

A

Palivizumab (Synagis)-

23
Q

who gets Palivizumab (Synagis)-

A
  1. Only for infants w severe immune-compromise, < 29 wks GA, hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, or chronic lung disease of prematurity
24
Q

a. The most common cause of respiratory distress in preterm infant
b. Deficiency of surfactant production + surfactant inactivation by protein leak into airspaces

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) “Hyaline Membrane Disease

25
Q

what is a risk for RDS

A

< 37 weeks

26
Q

do infants have a fever with pneummonia

A

not always

27
Q

what can cause ppneumonia in infants

A

STIs

28
Q

what can grunting me a sign of in infant pneumonia

A

imminent respiratory failure

29
Q

what is the moct common cause of penumonia under 5

A

viral

30
Q

most common cause of penumonia over 5

A

bacterial

31
Q

what causes pneumonia 1-12 months

A

RSV

32
Q

what causes pneumonia 2-5 years

A

para influenza

33
Q

what causes pneumonia 5- 18

A

strep penumonia

34
Q

interstitial or peribronchial infiltrates

A

viral pneumonia

35
Q

what kids do you admit to the hospital with pneumonia

A

< 3-6 months with pneumonia

36
Q

how do you treat penumonia

A

amoxicillin

37
Q

how do you treat attpical penumonia

A

macrolide

38
Q

what stage of pertussis do they cough

A

stage 2 paraoxysmal

39
Q

what is the gold standard for pertussis

A

PCR

40
Q

treatment for wooping cough

A

TMP-SMX

41
Q

who do you treat for wooping cough

A

whole house

42
Q

Most common life-shortening genetic disease in white individuals

A

CF

43
Q

H. flu & Staph aureus are the most common infectious organisms early in life
Pseudomonas aeruginosa becomes more common as children get older

A

CF: TRUE

Clinical Disaplines (7 decks)

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