PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY Flashcards
i. produced by re-opening of airways closed on previous expiration
crackles
i. continuous high pitched
ii. musical sound
predominantly on expiration
Wheezes
i. non musical sound (snoring)
ii. Possible causes: pneumonia, cystic fibrosis
a. Rhonchi:
i. heard predominantly on inspiration
ii. Possible causes: croup, laryngomalacia, subglottic stenosis, allergic rxn, vocal cord dysfunction
a. Stridor:
a. Subglottic narrowing
- Viral Croup
i. Inspiratory stridor
Cough: barking; “seal-like”
Viral Croup
Viral Croup Etiology
Parainfluenza Virus Type 1
croup radiographs
steeple sign
croup moderate treatment
Dexamethasone
what are the 5 components of the westly croup score
- Level of consciousness
- Cyanosis
- Stridor
- Air Entry
- Retractions
what pathology do you not use a tongue blade for
Epiglottitis:
what is the main pathogen foe epiglittitis
Haemophilus influenza
thumb sign on radiograph is associated with what pathology
Epiglottitis
what is the treatment for epiglottitis
ceftriaxone + vanco
a. Lower respiratory tract infection that affects the small airways (bronchioles) in pt’s < 2
- Bronchiolitis
what is the primary pathogen for 1. Bronchiolitis
RSV
a. Most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children < 1 yr
RSV
i. CXR: hyperinflation, peribronchial thickening
ii. crackles, prolonged expiration, wheezing, retractions
iii. congestion, lots of mucus
RSV
what is the test for RSV
rapid test
what is the primary treatment for RSV
supportive
when do you give Ribavirin- for RSV
only if immuneocomprimised
what is the RSV IG
Palivizumab (Synagis)-
who gets Palivizumab (Synagis)-
- Only for infants w severe immune-compromise, < 29 wks GA, hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, or chronic lung disease of prematurity
a. The most common cause of respiratory distress in preterm infant
b. Deficiency of surfactant production + surfactant inactivation by protein leak into airspaces
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) “Hyaline Membrane Disease
