Pediatric Neurology

Question 1

a. Fasciculation’s absent

Answer 1

UMN

Question 2

gait unsteady until age

Answer 2

6

Question 3

babinski goes down after

Answer 3

18 months

Question 4

most reflexes are integrated by what month

Answer 4

6 moths

Question 5

what is the most concerning HA pattern

Answer 5

chronic, progressive

Question 6

chronic and progressive HA think what

Answer 6

increased ICP

Question 7

increased ICP HA is worse when what

Answer 7

they lie flat

Question 8

1. Frontal, bitemporal or unilateral pounding/throbbing for 2-72h

Answer 8

migraines

Question 9

what is the first treatment for migranes

Answer 9

eliminate triggers

Question 10

what is the pharm treatment for migranes

Answer 10

NSAID,
acetaminophen,
Triptans

Question 11

AKA idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Answer 11

Pseudotumor Cerebri

Question 12

a. Increased ICP without space occupying lesion

Answer 12

Pseudotumor Cerebri

Question 13

a. Most common in children of childbearing age can happen in kids > 11

Answer 13

Pseudotumor Cerebri

Question 14

a. Papilledema on PE

Answer 14

Pseudotumor Cerebri

Question 15

, vision loss often chief complainant

Answer 15

Pseudotumor Cerebri

Question 16

what is the MC type of CP

Answer 16

1.spastic

Question 17

4 types of CP

Answer 17

spastic
athetoid
ataxic
atonic

Question 18

a. Neural tube disorder (NTD) = defective closure of the caudal neural tube early in gestation (about week 4)

Answer 18

1. Spina Bifida

Question 19

1. Spina Bifida

types 3

Answer 19

i. Myelomeningocele
i. Meningocele
i. Spina bifida occulta

Question 20

how do you prevent spina bifida

Answer 20

folic acid

Question 21

DX of spina bifida 2

Answer 21

1. alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (16-18 weeks

2. US 20 weeks

Question 22

i. Hypopleasia

associated with what chiari

Answer 22

4

Question 23

i. Herniation below the formen magnum

Answer 23

3

Question 24

i. Hydrocephalus

ii. Myelomeningocele

Answer 24

2

Question 25

i. Sx related to ventricular distention and increased ICP due to obstruction of CSF flow

Answer 25

Hydrocephalus

Question 26

Headache, vomiting, altered mental status, visual changes, ocular nerve palsies, and focal neurologic findings

Answer 26

Hydrocephalus

Question 27

a. Progressive degeneration of the anterior horn cells progressive weakness of lower motor neurons b. Genetic (autosomal recessive) c. Presents with progressive proximal weakness , decreased spontaneous mvmt, “floppiness” d. Normal mental, social and language skills. Sensation is preserved. e. Decreased facial expression and drooling f. Dx: EMG, muscle bx, DNA testing

Answer 27

SMA

Question 28

Campylobacter jejuni

Answer 28

GBS

Question 29

i. Ascending weakness (symmetric) ii. May have autonomic nerve dysfunction iii. Children- refusal to walk and leg pain are most common presenting symptoms

Answer 29

GBS

Question 30

i. LP- elevated CSF protein without increased WBC

Answer 30

GBS

Question 31

treatment for GBS

Answer 31

IVIG | plasmaphoresis

Question 32

a. Gower’s sign b. Proximal muscles affected first, then distal; lower first, then upper - calf hypertrophy

Answer 32

1. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 33

muscle that is X liked recessive

Answer 33

1. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 34

1. Diagnosis a. Serum CK b. biopsy c. genetic testing

Answer 34

DMD

Question 35

a. more common, autosomal dominant (chromosome 17)

Answer 35

NF: 1

Question 36

- also autosomal dominant (chromosome 22)

Answer 36

NF 2

Question 37

i. Referred to as peripheral type | ii. More skin and brain abnormalities

Answer 37

NF: 1

Question 38

i. Manifests as bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VIII nerve tumors)

Answer 38

NF: 2

Question 39

Café-au-lait spots are NOT part of NF type 2

Answer 39

TRUTH

Question 40

Most common neurologic disorder of infants & young children

Answer 40

Febrile Seizure

Question 41

what age can you have febrile seizure

Answer 41

6 - 5 years

Question 42

a. Viral infections commonly associated (HHV-6, influenza)

Answer 42

1. Febrile Seizure

Question 43

a. Low-risk for long term neurologic complications

Answer 43

1. Febrile Seizure

Question 44

a. IV benzos

Answer 44

for Sz lasting longer than 5 minutes

Question 45

a. Brain & skin have same embryonic origin

Answer 45

Truth