Pediatric Oncology Flashcards
What ANC level is considered abnormal?
Less than 1500
*absolute neutrophil count
What is a normal platelet count?
150, 000
Mild platelet count
100,000-150,000
Mutations that impair and slow blood cell maturation, abnormal differentiation of blood cells in bone marrow.
Myelodysplastic disorders
*stem cells or early blood cell precursors
The most common childhood leukemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia -85%
Most common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Pre-B lineage -85%
Tcell lineage -15%
Pathologic until proven otherwise (because it is absolutely abnormal!)
Supraclavicular lymph nodes
Sign of extra medullary spread
Fever of malignancy
GINGIVAL HYPERTROPHY
Chloromas
Hepatosplenomegaly
Leukemia Cutis
AML
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma treatment associated with secondary malignancies of lung, thyroid, stomach, breast, melanoma
Radiation
- Most common solid tumors of childhood
- Second most common pediatric malignancy
- Highest mortality rate
Brain tumors
Most common childhood brain tumor type
Low grade gliomas
Most common MALIGNANT brain tumor in children
Medulloblastoma
Medulloblastoma gene mutation with poor prognosis
MYC
Medulloblastoma gene mutation with better prognosis than MYC mutation
WNT
“patient WNT home”
Morning vomiting
Sunsetting sign
6th nerve palsy
Medulloblastoma
or pilocytic astrocytoma
- Mutations that impair and slow blood cell maturation
- Abnormal differentiation of blood cells in BONE MARROW
Myelodysplastic disorder
*technically not cancer, but still a problem
U.S. Incidence of childhood leukemias
1/25,000 or
3500/year
Signs and symptoms of childhood leukemia are strongly associated with infiltration of this body part
Bone marrow infiltration
- bone pain day and night
- anemia
- thrombocytopenia
- neutropenia
A sign of extra medullary spread associated with ALL
Fever of malignancy
What malignancy has the following CBC presentation?
- increased WBS with blasts on smear
- anemia
- thrombocytopenia
- leukopenia
- neutropenia
ALL
Immuno classification is CALLA (CD10)
ALL
What does CALLA an acronym for?
Common
ALL
Antigen
(CD10)
t(8;21)
t(q22;q22)
Auer rods
AML