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Peds > Pediatric Oncology > Flashcards

Pediatric Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

What ANC level is considered abnormal?

A

Less than 1500

*absolute neutrophil count

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2
Q

What is a normal platelet count?

A

150, 000

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3
Q

Mild platelet count

A

100,000-150,000

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4
Q

Mutations that impair and slow blood cell maturation, abnormal differentiation of blood cells in bone marrow.

A

Myelodysplastic disorders

*stem cells or early blood cell precursors

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5
Q

The most common childhood leukemia

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia -85%

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6
Q

Most common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A

Pre-B lineage -85%

Tcell lineage -15%

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7
Q

Pathologic until proven otherwise (because it is absolutely abnormal!)

A

Supraclavicular lymph nodes

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8
Q

Sign of extra medullary spread

A

Fever of malignancy

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9
Q

GINGIVAL HYPERTROPHY

Chloromas

Hepatosplenomegaly

Leukemia Cutis

A

AML

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10
Q

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma treatment associated with secondary malignancies of lung, thyroid, stomach, breast, melanoma

A

Radiation

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11
Q
  • Most common solid tumors of childhood
  • Second most common pediatric malignancy
  • Highest mortality rate
A

Brain tumors

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12
Q

Most common childhood brain tumor type

A

Low grade gliomas

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13
Q

Most common MALIGNANT brain tumor in children

A

Medulloblastoma

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14
Q

Medulloblastoma gene mutation with poor prognosis

A

MYC

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15
Q

Medulloblastoma gene mutation with better prognosis than MYC mutation

A

WNT

“patient WNT home”

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16
Q

Morning vomiting
Sunsetting sign
6th nerve palsy

A

Medulloblastoma

or pilocytic astrocytoma

17
Q
  • Mutations that impair and slow blood cell maturation

- Abnormal differentiation of blood cells in BONE MARROW

A

Myelodysplastic disorder

*technically not cancer, but still a problem

18
Q

U.S. Incidence of childhood leukemias

A

1/25,000 or

3500/year

19
Q

Signs and symptoms of childhood leukemia are strongly associated with infiltration of this body part

A

Bone marrow infiltration

  • bone pain day and night
  • anemia
  • thrombocytopenia
  • neutropenia
20
Q

A sign of extra medullary spread associated with ALL

A

Fever of malignancy

21
Q

What malignancy has the following CBC presentation?

  • increased WBS with blasts on smear
  • anemia
  • thrombocytopenia
  • leukopenia
  • neutropenia
22
Q

Immuno classification is CALLA (CD10)

23
Q

What does CALLA an acronym for?

A

Common
ALL
Antigen

(CD10)

24
Q

t(8;21)
t(q22;q22)

Auer rods

25
Reed-Sternberg cell
Hodgkin's lymphoma
26
Homer-Wright PseudoRosette arrangement of cells
Medulloblastoma
27
Cerebellar tumor that blocks 4th ventricle
Medulloblastoma
28
Chromosome 13q14 codes for which gene?
Rb = Retinoblastoma
29
Mutation of BOTH ALLELES of chromosome 13q14 OR Loss of the gene or protein
Retinoblastoma Losing the gene or gene product would result in deregulated cell growth because Rb is a tumor suppressor
30
Bilateral Retinoblastic tumors
Familial *must have two allele hits
31
Unilateral Retinoblastic tumors
Sporadic (Non-hereditary) *must have two allele hits
32
Embryonic renal cells of metanephros Deletion of tumor suppressor gene WT1 on chromosome 11
Wilms Tumor
33
*Bone tumors in the metaphysis of long bones
Osteosarcoma
34
*Onion skinning on Xray Destructive lesions in diaphysis of long bones and pelvis
Ewing Sarcoma
35
2nd most common sarcoma of bone in children
Ewing Sarcoma
36
t(11;22)(q24;q12)
Ewing Sarcoma
37
Sunburst pattern on X-ray
Osteosarcoma
38
Corman's triangle on Xray | -raised periosteum
Osteosarcoma

Peds (13 decks)

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