Junkins - Infectious Disease

Question 1

Complement deficiencies in infants that are Greater in alternative pathway than in the classic pathway

Answer 1

Complement deficiency

Question 2

Early onset Neonatal Sepsis (EONS) is how old?

Answer 2

< 6 days old

Question 3

Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis (LONS) is how old?

Answer 3

6 days to 3 mos old

Question 4

Bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis

Answer 4

• 1. E. COLI
     
     2. Group B Strep
     3. Listeria

-also S. aureus and coagulase-negative staph

Question 5

Bacitracin resistant and causes neonatal sepsis

Answer 5

Group B Strep (GBS)

Question 6

Tx is Penicillin G
or empiric treatment with Ampicillin and Gentamicin

(or 3rd generation cephalosporin)

Answer 6

Group B Strep

Question 7

Only gram-positive organism to produce endotoxin

Answer 7

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 8

Tx:

First line regimen is Ampicillin

Synergize with Gentamicin for CNS infection

Causes endocarditis in neonates

Answer 8

Listeria

Question 9

Tx is Vancomycin

Answer 9

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus

Question 10

Purple grapes (clusters) and coagulase negative on slide

Answer 10

Coagulase-negative staph

*see slide 34

Question 11

Diagnosis is by the isolation of spores from the stool and confirmed by identification of the toxin in stool samples

Answer 11

Clostridium botulinum

Question 12

Produces a preformed, heat-labile toxin that inhibits Ach release at the neuromuscular junction

Answer 12

Clostridium botulinum

Question 13

Antitoxin therapy includes human-derived botulism immune globulin and is used for infants less than one year old (who ingested honey)

Answer 13

C. botulinum treatment

Question 14

High Yield:

Both are gram-positive cocci

Answer 14

Strep and Staph

Question 15

High Yield:

Gram positive cocci in CHAINS

Answer 15

Strep

Question 16

High Yield:

Gram positive cocci in CLUSTERS

Answer 16

Staph

Question 17

High Yield:

Test that helps differentiate strep from staph

Answer 17

Catalase test

Question 18

High Yield:

Test to differentiate members of the genus Staphylococcus

Answer 18

Coagulase test

Question 19

High Yield:

• CATALASE NEGATIVE
• Gram positive cocci

Answer 19

Strep

Question 20

German measles

Answer 20

Rubella

Question 21

• Beta hemolytic
• Bacitracin sensitive
• PYR positive

Answer 21

Group A Strep

Question 22

“Measles” measles

Answer 22

Rubeola

Question 23

M12 (M-protein) strains associated with acute glomerulonephritis (via immune complexes

Answer 23

Group A strep

Question 24

Labs: Anti-Streptolysin O (ASO) titers

Answer 24

Group A strep

Question 25

Causes impetigo

Answer 25

Group A strep and S. aureus

Question 26

Inhibits G alpha proteins; ultimately results in accumulation of cAMP

Answer 26

A subunit of B. Pertussis exotoxin | over-activates

Question 27

- Gram-positive diplococci - Encapsulated - IgA protease - Lancet-shaped

Answer 27

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 28

13 serotypes cause invasive pneumonia

Answer 28

Strep. Pneumoniae *13 valent vaccine

Question 29

One of the most common causes of infant and toddler diarrhea in US

Answer 29

Rotavirus

Question 30

Most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in children less than and more than 5 yrs old

Answer 30

S. Pneumoniae

Question 31

Commonly causes inflammatory diarrhea in people less than one year old

Answer 31

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 32

The magnitude of the neonate's ability to generate immunoglobulin is initially (increased/decreased)

Answer 32

Decreased

Question 33

IgM levels are low are high at birth?

Answer 33

low

Question 34

Most common cause of infant pneumonia

Answer 34

S. Pneumoniae

Question 35

Complement deficiencies in infants are greater in the alternative or classic pathway?

Answer 35

Alternative

Question 36

Neonates are deficient in these components of the complement cascade that lead to killing of organisms, especially gram-negative bacteria.

Answer 36

Terminal cytotoxic components

Question 37

Compared to adults, neonates have a lower and less effective storage pool of these white blood cells

Answer 37

Neutrophils

Question 38

Organisms causing late onset neonatal sepsis

Answer 38

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus

Question 39

Mnemonic to identify gram positive cocci

Answer 39

On the office's "staph" retreat, there was NO StRESs * First Aid Step 1, 2015

Question 40

What age group is very susceptible to sepsis?

Answer 40

Neonates

Question 41

CAMP factor + test

Answer 41

Group B Strep