Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

s/s of compartment syndrome

Answer 1

pain, pulselessness, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pressure

Question 2

tx of compartment syndrome

Answer 2

cast removal, ice, steroids, fasciotomy

Question 3

traction considerations

Answer 3

let weights hang freely, neurovascular assessments, pin sites for infection

Question 4

s/s of osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 4

blue sclera, hearing loss, frequent bone breakage

Question 5

interventions for osteo imperfecta

Answer 5

get help for cares, no weight bearing, PT/OT

Question 6

pamidronate

Answer 6

bisphosphonate, increased bone density, prevents fractures

Question 7

complications of osteo imperfecta

Answer 7

contractures, muscle weakness, malalignment

Question 8

s/s of Legg-Calve-Perthes

Answer 8

limp, hip pain, limited ROM, one leg shorter than other

Question 9

interventions for Legg-Calve-Perthes

Answer 9

NSAIDs, rest & bracing if under 6, surgery if over 6, non weight bearing activities

Question 10

scoliosis screening

Answer 10

10-12 for girls, 13-14 for boys

Question 11

tx for scoliosis under 20 degrees

Answer 11

none

Question 12

tx for scoliosis 20-39 degrees

Answer 12

flexible bracing - pt must be compliant

Question 13

tx for scoliosis over 40 degrees

Answer 13

surgery, infection risk

Question 14

s/s of JIA

Answer 14

joint inflammation and pain, stiffness/soreness worst in morning, fever, rash, eye inflammation in exacerbations

Question 15

labs for JIA

Answer 15

ANA titer, rheumatoid factor, ESR, WBC

Question 16

interventions for JIA

Answer 16

warm compresses, ROM exercises, low impact exercise, discourage rest

Question 17

maintenance JIA meds

Answer 17

DMARDs - methotrexate, sulfasalazine
TNF factors - infliximab, adalimumab

Question 18

exacerbation JIA meds

Answer 18

NSAIDs, steroids

Question 19

NSAID considerations

Answer 19

take with food, monitor renal fx, risk of ulcers/GI bleeding

Question 20

how is muscular dystrophy diagnosed

Answer 20

absence of protein dystrophin

Question 21

first signs of muscular dystrophy

Answer 21

difficulty running, climbing stairs, riding a bike

Question 22

Gower’s sign

Answer 22

rises from the floor slowly, braces themselves, indicates MD

Question 23

goals of MD

Answer 23

lessen strain on muscles, prevent constipation, contractures, atelectasis, pneumonia, skin breakdown, DVT, UTIs, etc.

Question 24

Greenstick fracture

Answer 24

doesn’t fully snap, since pediatric bones are soft

Question 25

interventions for fractures

Answer 25

immobilize, ice, pain meds, neurovascular assessment