Pediatric Limb Deficiencies Flashcards

1
Q

What is terminal overgrowth

A

Spiking

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2
Q

Body powered prosthesis UE

A

As young as one, once kid can do it

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3
Q

K4 amputation level

A

The patient has the ability or potential for prosthetic ambulation that exceeds basic ambulation skills, exhibiting high impact, stress, or energy levels. (Child, active adult, or athlete.)

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4
Q

What is more common, upper or lower, pediatric amputations

A

Upper 3x Lower

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5
Q

Disarticulation or transdiaphyseal for kids

A

Disarticulation

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6
Q

Is phantom pain common in kids

A

No

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7
Q

Why disarticulation

A

Because it preserves ability for limb to grow

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8
Q

Which amputations, upper or lower, are most associated with other anomolies

A

Upper – esp related to craniofacial, cardiac, and hematologic (due to the chronology of 1st trimester)

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9
Q

Most common pediatric amputation problem

A

The most common complication in a skeletally immature child is bony overgrowth, or spiking. Bony overgrowth can occur in 40% of children5 and is usually in children with amputations acquired before the age of twelve.

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10
Q

K0 amputation level

A

The patient does not have the ability or potential to ambulate or transfer safely with or without assistance, and a prosthesis does not enhance quality of life or mobility

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11
Q

Where does amputation overgrowth most commonly occur

A

Overgrowth most commonly occurs in the humerus, followed by fibula, tibia, and femur.

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12
Q

How many kids with limb deficiencies will have other anomalies

A

8/10

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13
Q

K2 amputation level

A

The patient has the ability or potential for ambulation with the ability to traverse low-level environmental barriers, such as curbs, stairs, or uneven surfaces. (Limited community ambulator.)

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14
Q

Active terminal device

A

1 year, when can walk

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15
Q

Timing of lower prosthetic

A

Solid ankle cushion heel (SACH), infancy

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16
Q

K1 amputation level

A

The patient has the ability or potential to use a prosthesis for transfer or ambulation on level surfaces at fixed cadence. (Limited and unlimited household ambulator.)

17
Q

When do you fit with prosthesis for lower limb

A

When ready to pull to stand, 9-10 months

18
Q

What is common if amputations goes wrong

A

Terminal bony overgrowth

19
Q

Knee joint

A

2-3

20
Q

Timing of upper extremity prosthesis

A

Used to be six months, can sit and do bimanual. But now can be 3 to 6 months

21
Q

Energy strong releasing feet

A

Toddler

22
Q

Myoelectric

A

2

23
Q

Rules of surgical management of amputations in kids

A
  1. Preserve length
  2. Preserve growth plates
  3. Perform disarticulation instead of transosseous
  4. Preserve knee joint
  5. Stabilize and normalize proximal portions
24
Q

Which trimester is most important for embryogenesis of limb deficiencies

A

1st due to mesodermal formation of the limb at 26 days gestations until 8 weeks

25
Q

Passive UE device

A

6 months classically when kid can sit

26
Q

K3 amputation level

A

The patient has the ability or potential for ambulation with variable cadence. Community ambulator who has the ability to navigate most environmental barriers.