Pediatric GI Flashcards
Age of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
3-5 weeks
Vomiting in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Projectile vomiting after eating, hungry after
Appearing of baby with Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
“Thin” or “emaciated”
What’s palpable in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis? When?
“Olive” on lateral edge of rectuc abdominus in RUQ after vomiting
DX for Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Ultrasound. Endoscopy if U/S inconclusive.
What labs to check in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Lytes to assess hydration
What first thing to treat in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Correct hydration status
Treatment of choice in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Surgical pylormyotomy
Etiology of Intussusception?
75% idiopathic
What is most common obstruction in 6-36mo old?
Intussusception
Intussusception most common in what age?
3-5 months
Intussusception due to?
Intestinal invagination most commonly at ileocecal junction
Where does Intussusception happen most?
Ileocecal junction
Describe pain in Intussusception
Severe, sudden, crampy pain. Legs drawn up, inconsolable. 15-20 minutes long then OK until next episode.
Describe stool in Intussusception
Blood or currant jelly in stool
Describe mass in abdomen in Intussusception
Sausage shape abdominal mass
Dx of Intussusception?
- X-ray
- U/S
What will U/S show in Intussusception?
Bulls Eye or Coiled Spring
Tx of Intussusception if stable and no perforation?
Edema with barium or pressurized air. 80-95% success.
Tx for Intussusception if perforation or necrosis?
Surgery
Etiology of Phenylketonuria?
Deficiency of Phenylalanine Hydroxyurase (PAH) to convert Phenylalanine to Tyrosine
What disability does Phenylketonuria cause?
Intellectual disability
Blood and urine smell in Phenylketonuria?
“Mousy” smell
Dx of Phenylketonuria?
Newborn screening from heel stick
Tx of Phenylketonuria?
Restrict Phenylalanine from diet ASAP, definitely <1 week
How often to monitor Phenylketonuria?
Weekly in first year, twice a month 1-12 years, monthly in 12+ years
Most common age in Appendicitis?
5-12 y/o
Fever and pain where in Appendicitis?
Low grade fever, complain of hip pain
WBC in Appendicitis shows what?
Elevated WBCs with increased polys
U/S in Appendicitis if what?
Young and thin
What test to use if U/S inconclusive in Appendicitis?
CT
Tx of non-perforated Appendicitis?
- NPO, IV fluids, control pain/puke/fever
- Surgery w/n 6h
Pre-op abx in Appendicitis if non-perforated?
Cefoxitin
Tx of perforated Appendicitis?
- NPO, IV fluids, control pain/puke/fever
- Surgery ASAP
Abx in perforated Appendicitis?
Triple Amp/Gent/Flagyl
Tx of constipation in infants?
Flycerine suppositories, lubricated thermometer
Tx of constipation in older kids?
Glycerine suppositories, Miralax
