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Clinical Medicine 4 > Ped eyes, skin, rash > Flashcards

Ped eyes, skin, rash Flashcards

1
Q

Define Strabismus?

A

Anomoly of ocular alignment

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2
Q

Strabismus one or both eyes?

A

Unilateral or bilateral

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3
Q

Eso vs Exo in Strabismus?

A

Eso=nasal deviation

Exo=temporal deviation

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4
Q

Phoria vs Tropia in Strabismus?

A

Phoria=latent

Tropia=Manifest

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5
Q

Hering Law in Strabismus?

A

Muscles in both eyes receive equal innveration. “Two eye law”.

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6
Q

Sherrington’s law in Strabismus?

A

Reciporcal innervation. “One eye law”

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7
Q

Dx of Strabismus?

A

H + P

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8
Q

Tx of Strabismus?

A

GLasses with and w/o prisms, mitotic drops, patching, visual training, surgery to reposition or shorten. Refer to optho.

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9
Q

Impetigo in what age range?

A

2-5y/o

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10
Q

MC of Impetigo?

A

S Aureus

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11
Q

Primary Impetigo?

A

Direct invasion of normal skin

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12
Q

Secondary Impetigo?

A

Infextion d/t trauma of skin

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13
Q

Which most common form of Impetigo?

A

Non-Bullous

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14
Q

3 forms of Impetigo?

A
  1. Non-bullous
  2. Bullous
  3. Ecthyma
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15
Q

Non-Bullous Impetigo has what appearance?

A

honey-colored

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16
Q

Where does Non-bullous Impetigo occur?

A

Faces and extremities

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17
Q

Systemic sx with Non-bullous Impetigo?

A

No

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18
Q

Bullous Impetigo in what age range?

A

younger kids

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19
Q

Bullous Impetig cyst color?

A

Clear yellow fluid which becomes brown

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20
Q

Bullous Impetigo toxin?

A

S Aureus Toxin A

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21
Q

Least common form of Impetigo?

A

Echyma

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22
Q

What sort of ulcers in Ecthyma Impetigo?

A

Punch Out ulcers with yellow crust

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23
Q

Dx of Impetigo?

A

H+P. Can culture fluid or at base of lesion if tx fails.

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24
Q

Topical tx of Impetigo?

A

If limited number of lesions.

Mupirocin (Bactroban), H2O2 cream

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25
Q

PO tx of Impetigo when?

A

If bullae or multile lesions in many locations. Diclox, cephalexin, clinda. Bactrim if MRSA.

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26
Q

Pinworn aka?

A

Enterobiasis

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27
Q

Etiology of Pinworn?

A

Enterobilus verminocolanis

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28
Q

Transmission of Pinworn? Carried where?

A

Fecal-oral route. FIngernails, beddins, dust, clothing

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29
Q

Describe Pinworm. Where are they?

A

<1cm, white, threadlike. Visible worms around arms and butt.

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30
Q

Where Pinworm inhabit?

A

Cecum, appendix, ileum, ascending colon

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31
Q

Pinworn itching when and where?

A

Nocturnal perianal and perineal itching

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32
Q

Dx of Pinworn?

A

Hx of nocturnal itch. Collect with cellophane tape or pinworm paddle. Inspect stool or anus. Repeat inspection.

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33
Q

Tx of Pinworn?

A

Albendazole (Albenza) 400mg once. Repeat in 2 weeks.

OTC=Pyrantel Panmoate

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34
Q

Erythema Infectiosum aka?

A

Fifth’s Disease

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35
Q

Eti of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Parvovirus B19

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36
Q

Incubation period of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

1-2 weeks before sx

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37
Q

Day 1-2 of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Fever, HA, nausea, vomiting

38
Q

Day 2-5 of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Rash, “slapped cheeks”. Reappear with sunlight, heat changes, exercise, stress.

39
Q

Dx of Erythema Infectiosum?

40
Q

Tx of Erythema Infectiosum?

A

Supportive only. No meds.

41
Q

What really bad thing can Parvovirus B19 also cause?

A

Fetal Hydrops (Fetal demise)

42
Q

Transmission of Infectious Mono?

A

Salivary secretions

43
Q

Incubation of Infectious Mono?

44
Q

Sx of Infectious Mono?

A

Fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, erythema, petechiae, splenomegaly, posterior cervical adenopathy, self-limiting hepatitis

45
Q

Infectious Mono common after use of what abx?

46
Q

Dx of Infectious Mono?

A

H+P. Monospot Heterophile Ab.

47
Q

Tx of Infectious Mono?

A

Supportive. Steroids is tonsils block airway.

48
Q

Antivirals in Infectious Mono?

49
Q

Careful for how long after Infectious Mono?

A

3-4 weeks until spleen gets better

50
Q

Measels aka?

51
Q

Etiology of Measels?

A

Morbilliform virus

52
Q

Incubation of Measels?

53
Q

Droplets and contagious in Measels?

A

Airbone and droplets on surface up to 2h. Highly contagious. Contarious 4d before and 4d after rash.

54
Q

What spots are pathognomic in Measels?

A

Koplik spots

55
Q

Rash in Measels?

A

Head to toe maculopapular rash

56
Q

Dx of Measels?

57
Q

Tx of Measels?

A

Mostly supportive

58
Q

PPX of Measels?

A

MMR vaccine within 72h of exposure. IG if w/n 6d of exposure.

59
Q

Tx of severe Measels?

60
Q

Rubella aka

A

German Measels

61
Q

Transmit of Rubella?

A

Airborne transmission

62
Q

How long sx of Rubella last?

63
Q

Sx of Rubella?

A

Rash, low grade fever

64
Q

Rubella causes what in preggers women?

A

Birth defects

65
Q

Roseola aka

A

Exanthema Subitum, 6th disease

66
Q

Etiology of Roseola?

A

HHV-6/HHV-7

67
Q

Age of Roseola?

68
Q

Roseola and vertical transmission?

A

Can happen

69
Q

Roseola fever onset and degree?

A

Sudden high fever 102-104

70
Q

After fever in Roseola what happens next?

A

ASx rash appears on trunk, arms, legs

71
Q

Kawasaki Dz aka

A

Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome

72
Q

What is MC cause of childhood vasculitis?

A

Kawasaki Dz

73
Q

What age and ethnicity gets Kawasaki Dz?

A

<5 y/o, Asian

74
Q

Etiology of Kawasaki Dz?

75
Q

Kawasaki Dz affects which vessels and which major organ?

A

Widespread inflammation of medium size vessels and heart

76
Q

Lips and tongue in Kawasaki Dz?

A

Cracked red lips, strawberry tongue

77
Q

Which lymph nodes enlarged in Kawasaki Dz?

A

Anterior cervical >1.5cm

78
Q

Tachycardia and fever in Kawasaki Dz?

A

Tachycardia out of proportion to fever

79
Q

Heart sounds and Kawasaki Dz?

A

muffled heart sounds

80
Q

Dx of Kawasaki Dz?

A

Clinical H+P

81
Q

Heart tests in Kawasaki Dz?

A

Cardiac echo to detect aneurysm every 4-6 weeks

82
Q

Which tx dramatically reduces risk of cardiac aneurysm in Kawasaki Dz?

83
Q

If give IVIG in Kawasaki Dz what about vaccines?

A

No live vaccines for 11 months

84
Q

Tx of inflammation in Kawasaki Dz?

A

ASA 81-100mg q6h x14d

85
Q

First Dz aka

86
Q

Second Dz aka

A

Scarlet Fever from strep

87
Q

Third dz aka

88
Q

Fourth Dz aka

89
Q

Fifth Dz aka

A

Erythema Infectiosum Parvovirus B19

90
Q

Sixth dz aka

A

Roseola HHV-6 and 7

Clinical Medicine 4 (10 decks)

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