Pediatric Assessment and Exam Flashcards
3 major types of pediatric visits?
- Well child
- Acute illness
- Chronic illness
How is infant age categorized in first year of life?
Gestational age
Characteristics and what to look for in 1-4 yo visit?
○ Usually very anxious ○ Try to make friends first ○ Parental report vs. direct observation: speech delay, motor delay, TRY TO OBSERVE ○ Gait abnormalities/variations ○ Eye problems (lazy eye)
Characteristics of first year of life?
○ MUST classify by birth weight and gestational age
○ Developmental delay v. range of milestones
○ Mostly observation vs. parental report
○ Examine child in parents lap/arms
○ Plagiocephaly
○ Murmurs
Characteristics of 5-10yo?
○ School problems develop
○ Missed milestones (teacher v. parents)
○ Scoliosis
○ Murmurs
Tanner stage for males / females?
◊ Male: genital development / pubic hair growth
● Precocious puberty before age 9
● Delayed puberty: no evidence by age 14
◊ Female: based on breast development and pubic hair
● Precocious puberty before age 8
● Delayed: no signs by 13 or no menarche by 16
What are gravity and parity?
○ Gravida (G): number of pregnancies
○ Para (P): full term deliveries, preterm deliveries, abortions, living
◊ Ex: G3P2,0,1,2
Normal cardiac findings in children?
Innocent (benign, flow, functional) murmurs are:
● (i) Systolic
● (ii) I-III/VI
● (iii) Musical
● (iv) @LSB
● (v) Non-radiating
● (vi) Unassociated with other cardiac findings
How to assess growth chart for child?
IMPORTANT TO LOOK AT CURVE AND NOT JUST ONE POINT
How is obesity determined with age?
◊ Overweight: BMI between 85th and 95th %ile
◊ Obese: BMI >95%ile
How is temperature taken in children?
● Rectal until age 3, then oral
● NOT axillary or tympanic
How does pulse move with age?
● Decreases with age
How does respiratory rate move with age?
● Decreases with age
Movement of BP with age? Whose BP should be taken
● Increases with age
- Three yo and up
When is stranger anxiety considered normal?
9-15 months
