Pediatric assessment Flashcards
Name at least 5/15 warning signs for dysphagia in infants
- Arches her back or stiffens when feeding
- Cries or fusses when feeding
- Falls asleep when feeding
- Has problems breastfeeding
- Has trouble breathing while eating and drinking Hear changes in breathing/ respiratory patterns
- Refuses to eat or drink
- Eats only certain textures, such as soft food or crunchy food
- Takes a long time to eat
- Has problems chewing
- Coughs or gags during meals
- Drools a lot or has liquid come out her mouth or nose
- Gets stuffy during meals
- Has a gurgly, hoarse, or breathy voice during or after meals
- Spits up or throws up a lot
- Is not gaining weight or growing
The 15 signs and symptoms of dysphagia in infants mean the infant is at risk for: (4 things)
- Dehydration or poor nutrition
- Food or liquid going into the airway, called aspiration
- Pneumonia or other lung infections
- Feeling embarrassed about his eating problems; may eat alone or refuse to eat around others.
What are the 5 parts of pediatric clinical assessment?
- Data collection
- Nutritional screening
- Physical Assessment
- Oral Sensory-Motor and Feeding Skills
- Psychosocial Assessment
Explain data collection (Pediatric clinical assessment)
Gathering of medical history Growth chart comparison (Childs weight in comparison to length and age) Nutritional status (Get info from lab values)
Explain nutritional screening (Pediatric clinical assessment)
Feeding history
Caregivers perception of the problem
Explain physical assessment (Pediatric clinical assessment)
Behavior
Development
Physical appearance
Positioning/tone
Behavior
Alert, irritable (common in malnourishment), tired
What happens, how do they act, when the food is presented?
Development
Fine/gross motor movement
Physical appearance Skin Turgor- skin staying tented after a pinch Bruising - sign of anemia Hair Fine, thing - not enough nourishment Eyes Hydration, redness Mouth
Positioning/tone
Hypotonic? Hypertonic?
Explain Oral sensory-motor and feeding skills
Pediatric clinical assessment
Determine appropriate food types for children
Dependent on infants age (Actual time from birth)/adjusted age (starts from due date)
Explain psychosocial assessment
Pediatric clinical assessment
What is the interaction pattern between the infant and the caregiver
Fullness cues
Spit up, raise eyebrows, open hands more
Crying for food
What are the 6 parts of the results of evaluation?
Pediatric clinical assessment
- Description of the disorder including diagnosis
- Identification of contributing factors
- Prognosis for change
May be based on medical status
Is OT needed? - Referral for additional assessment by related professionals
- Recommendation for instrumental assessments
- Recommendation for possible interventions
7 goals of a pediatric treatment plan
- The child meets nutritional and hydration needs?
- Determine feeding method
- Providing oral/taste stimulation safely? Pleasure feeding?
- Attain age-appropriate feeding skills
- Minimize pulmonary complications
- Maximize quality of life
- Reduce risk of future issues
Name a few professionals on the “feeding team” for pediatrics
Otolaryngologist - ENT Social Worker Occupational Therapist Psychologist Knows developmental stages and parent interactions Speech language pathologist Feeding Specialist or lactation consultant Neurologist Physiatrist Rehab/therapy doctor Cardiologist Gastroenterologist Pulmonologist Physical Therapist Nursing Dentist Family Member/Caregiver Dietician Radiation Oncologist Radiologist Child/Client
Diet progression in pediatrics
Puree, thinned and smoothed
Puree, thickened with minimal lumps
Mashed up banana, potato
Wet ground
Finer ground meats
Mixed textures
Soups
Finger foods
Early - Graham crkrs, bananas
Soft - Cooked noodles, soft sandwiches
Advanced - Potato chips, pizza, raw veggies
