Pediatric AIDS

Question 1

Pediatric AIDS disproportionately affects ____.

Answer 1

Minorities

Question 2

Pediatric AIDS is transmitted through ____ or ____.

Answer 2

Parents

Blood products

Question 3

How can transmission of pediatric AIDS be reduced?

Answer 3

Transmission can be reduced if mother is treated during pregnancy

Question 4

List 7 signs and symptoms associated with pediatric AIDS.

Answer 4

Opportunistic Infections

1. PCP (pneumocystitis carnii pneumonia)
2. CMV
3. LIP (lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis)
4. Candidiasis (thrush)
5. Chronic diarrhea (secondary nutritional issues)
6. FTT (failure to thrive)
7. Chronic ear infections

Question 5

______ is the leading cause of death in children with AIDS.

Answer 5

PCP (pneumocystitis carnii pneumonia)

Question 6

List 2 things that determine the progression of pediatric AIDS.

Answer 6

1. Mother’s disease status

2. Infant viral load/CD4+ count in first several months of life

Question 7

Describe the 2 types of pediatric AIDS.

Answer 7

1. Rapid: onset in first year, death by 4 years of age

2. Slower: onset preschool- kindergarten years or even adolescence

Question 8

What are 3 neurological signs of pediatric AIDS?

Answer 8

1. Developmental delay especially in motor and speech areas
2. Plateau or loss of milestones especially with onset of AIDS/decreasing effect of drugs
3. Basal ganglia seems particularly affected

Question 9

Pediatric AIDS is a ____ disease.

Answer 9

PROGRESSIVE

Question 10

Children with pediatric AIDS have ___ tone in the trunk and ___ tone in the extremities.

Answer 10

LOW tone in trunk

HIGH tone in extremities

Question 11

List 2 postural patterns seen in pediatric AIDS.

Answer 11

1. LE abduction (BUT have hypertonic adductors)

2. Poor balance in higher gross motor skills

Question 12

What might be the first sign of pediatric AIDS?

Answer 12

Rate of development change

will plateau and then loss of function takes place

Question 13

List 4 milestones that children with pediatric AIDS may present delays in.

Answer 13

1. Independent sitting
2. Fine motor
3. Walking
4. Complex coordinated movement

Question 14

List 2 social issues that may make it difficult to treat a child with pediatric AIDS.

Answer 14

1. Parents may be ill-limited capacity to stimulate the child
2. Separation from family (when hospitalized)

Question 15

List 4 medical issues that may make it difficult to treat a child with pediatric AIDS.

Answer 15

1. Access to appropriate treat
2. Desire to maintain confidential status
3. Prenatal care (may include illicit drug use)
4. Poor nutrition