PEDIAAAAAA 🫶🏼 Flashcards
1
Q
When do you call a child full term?
A
37-42 weeks
2
Q
How to measure growth in a child?
A
By: WEIGHT and HEIGHT
3
Q
What is the most sensitive indicator of a child?
A
Weight
4
Q
When does a child double in size?
A
Early Double: 4 months
Average Double: 6 months
5
Q
When does a child triple in size?
A
12 months or 1 year
6
Q
When does a child quadraple in size?
A
2 - 2 1/2 years old
7
Q
At the end of the year whos more mabigat?
A
1 year old Male = 10kg or 22lbs
1 year old Female = 9.5kg or 21lbs
8
Q
First 2 words
“Mama and Papa”
A
9 - 10 months
9
Q
3 to 5 words
A
15 months
10
Q
300 words
A
2 years old
11
Q
900 words
A
3 years old
12
Q
1,500 words
A
4 years old
13
Q
2,100 words
A
5 years old
14
Q
Varies word
A
6 years old
15
Q
Head lag
Midline vision
A
1 MONTH
16
Q
Cooing
Posterior fontanelle closes
Social smile
A
2 MONTHS
17
Q
Babbles
Brings hand to mouth
Peripheral vision
A
3 MONTHS
18
Q
Able to lift head and chest of the floor
Reaches for objects
A
4 MONTHS
19
Q
Roll over
Smiles at self in mirror
A
5 MONTHS
20
Q
Sits with support
Able to hold bottle
Mixed feeding can eat solid food
A
6 MONTHS
21
Q
Sits without support
Transfer object from hand to hand
A
7 MONTHS
22
Q
Sits without support
Close-open fist upon command
A
8 MONTHS
23
Q
Creep and crawl
Pincer grasp
A
9 MONTHS
24
Q
Starts to stand
Object permanence
Waves hands for “Bye”
A
10 MONTHS
25
Cruising
11 MONTHS
26
Walks with support
Able to drink from cup
12 MONTHS
27
Closes anterior fontanelle
12-18 MONTHS
28
PERMANENT TEETH
"Mama Is In Pain, Papa Can Make Medicine"
1st Molar
1st Incisor
2nd Incisor
1st Pre-molar
2nd Pre-molar
Curpids
2nd Molar
3rd Molar
29
ANTHROPROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS:
Weight:
Length:
Head Circumference:
Abdominal Circumference:
ANTHROPROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS:
Weight: 2,500g - 4,500g
Length: 45 - 55cm
Head Circumference: 33 - 35cm
Abdominal Circumference: 31-33cm
30
GROWTH TABLE (Weight&Height)
Double:
Triple:
Quadriple:
GROWTH TABLE (Weight&Height)
Double: 6mos ; 4 yrs
Triple: 1 yr ; 13 yrs
Quadriple: 2 years
31
Establishing Breastfeaading (how long) after delivery:
90 minutes
32
LEGAL BASIS:
Milk Code = Breastmilk
EO 51
33
LEGAL BASIS:
Rooming in and Breastfeeding Act
RA 7600
34
LEGAL BASIS:
Expanded Breastfeeding Act
RA 10028
35
What is the purpose of Erythromycin?
-Crede's Prophylaxis
To prevent OPTHALMIA NEONATORUM
36
ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)
When is Unang Yakap Protocol launched?
December 25, 2009
37
ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)
The legal basis of Unang Yakap Protocol:
AO 0025 section 2009/AO 2009-0025
38
ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTAL AND NB CARE (EINC)
What are the 2 MDG's of Unang Yakap Protocol?
- MDG 4 (Reduce Child Mortality)
- MDG 5 (Improve Maternal Health)
39
What does NORMAL FLORA do?
Normal flora has microorganisms that serves protection of the Neonate's body
40
Why is it important to massage the fundus?
To prevent uterine atony and uterine bleeding
41
Normal DR temp:
25 - 28 degrees celcius
42
Dry the newborn for at least:
30 seconds
43
If child is not warmed, it may lead to:
Neonatal Hypothermia (Cold Stress)
44
Normal cry of Newborn:
Lound and Lusty
45
Never administer Oxygen greater than 40% because it may lead to:
Retrorental Fibroplacia
46
Increase oxygen >> Increase pressure >> rupture of capillaries >> may result to:
BLINDNESS
47
Sucking disappears at:
4 MONTHS
48
Rooting disappears at:
4 MONTHS
49
Step/Loose Disappears at:
4 MONTHS
50
Moro/Startle Reflex Disappears at:
4 MONTHS
51
Tonic-Neck Reflex Disappears at:
4 - 5 MONTHS
52
Extrusion reflex Disappears at:
6 MONTHS
53
Babinski Reflex Disappears at:
12 MONTHS
54
1st set of teeth:
DECIDUOUS TEETH (Milk Teeth)
55
Growing of Lower Central Incisors:
6 MONTHS
56
Growing of Upper Central Incisors:
7 MONTHS
57
Growing of Upper Lateral Incisors:
9 MONTHS
58
Growing of Lower lateral incisors:
11 MONTHS
59
Complete set of milk teeth:
2 1/2 years old
60
Solitary Play
Infancy
61
Toys:
*0-3 mos: colorful, soft, sound producing
*4-6 mos: squeeze toys and busy box
*7-12 mos: building box, balls, bath toys
INFANCY
62
FEAR: Stranger Anxiety
INFANCY
63
NUTRITION: Breastmilk
INFANCY
64
CONCEPTH OF DEATH: None
INFANCY
65
RISKS AND SAFETY:
*Falls
*Aspiration
*SIDS
INFANCY
66
PLAY: Parallel Play
TODDLERHOOD
67
TOYS:
*Push and pull toys
*Boards and mallets
*Stuffed animals
*Toy phone
*Story books with pictures
TODDLERHOOD
68
Negativistic behavior: "NO!"
TODDLERHOOD
69
Ritualistic Behavior: Food Jags
TODDLERHOOD
70
Temper Tantrums: bcuz of lack of communication skills
TODDLERHOOD
71
FEAR: Separation Anxiety
TODDLERHOOD
72
3 STAGES OF FEAR IN TODDLERHOOD:
PRO - Protest (Temper Tantrums)
DES - Despair (Withdrawn)
DEN - Denial (Ignore)
73
PLAY: Associative Play/Cooperative Play
PRE-SCHOOLER
74
Most Imaginative Stage:
*Imaginary friends
*Bedtime stories
*Hero worship
PRE-SCHOOLER
75
FEAR: Mutilation
PRE-SCHOOLER
76
CONCEPT OF DEATH:
Sleeping (reversible)
PRE-SCHOOLER
77
PLAY: Competitive Play/Corporative Play
*Sports
SCHOOLER
78
TOYS:
*Board games
*Collecting and classifying toys
*Card games
*Puzzles
*Hobbies/Video games
SCHOOLER
79
FEAR: Loss of Control/Losing
SCHOOLER
80
PLAY: Social Play
ADOLESCENCE
81
Most improtant people here is Peers
ADOLESCENCE
82
FEAR: Body Image Disturbance
ADOLESCENCE
83
CONCEPT OF DEATH:
Permanent (irreversible)
ADOLESCENCE
84
Explains how LIBIDO propels and drives the psychologic development of a child
PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY by Sigmund Freud
85
Failure to satisfy is called:
FIXATION
86
Explains interaction with the society and affects the behavior of the child.
2 conflicting tasks for ends level
GOAL: Balance
PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY by Erik Erikson's
87
Changes in thinking and learning
Apply on real world situation
COGNITIVE THEORY by Jean Piaget's
88
Changes the perception of what is right and wrong
MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY by Lawrence Kohlberg's
89
What age mabilis ang reproductive system?
Adolescence and Puberty
90
What age is the adult size brain?
At 5 years old or Pre-school
91
What age is the adult size tonsils?
At 5 years old or Pre-school
92
Important indicator of development:
BEHAVIOR
93
When mabilis and development ng Neurologic System?
During INFANCY Stage
94
What test differentiates the fetal blood from maternal blood?
KLEIHAUER - BETKE'S TEST
95
4 PROCESSES OF HEAT LOSS:
1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Evaporation
4. Radiation
96
With body contact
Example: cool weighing scale, cool cribs
CONDUCTION
97
Cool air currents
Example: Aircon >> if on room temp of 25-28 degrees celcius
Convection
98
Water to vapor
Example: NB wet >> heat loss >> dry baby
Evaporation
99
Without body contact
Example: Crib near the wall
Radiation
100
EFFECTS OF COLD STRESS:
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Metabolic acidosis
101
AKA Flea bite rash
Due to reaction of eosinophils to Air
Erythema Toxicum
102
Mottling of the skin (colors: yellow, blue, red, white of the skin)
Cutis Marmorata
103
White pin-pant spots at nose bridge and cheeks
Immature sebaceous glands
Looks like white heads
Milia
104
The bluish gray discoloration of buttocks (parang nabugbog)
Due to accumulation of melanocytes
Disappears by 1y/o and school age
Mongolian Spots
105
Scalp edema or fluid under the scalp
Crosses the suture line
Appears immediately after birth
Resolves after 3 days
CAPPUT SUCCEDANEUM
106
Pooling of blood under the scalp
Does not cross suture line
Appears after 23 hours
Resolves after 3-6 weeks
CEPHAL HEMATOMA
107
Blue sclera
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
108
Pink Iris
Albinism
(Not long life span compared to normal adults)
109
First Milk Teeth
2 lower incisors
(Right then Left)
110
Last Milk Teeth
Posterior Molars
111
First Permanent Tooth
1st molar
112
Last permanent Tooth
Wisdom Tooth
113
Total absence of extremities
AMELIA
114
Absence of proximal extremities, hands and feet diretcly attached.
PHOCOMELIA
115
Surfactant is formed at:
6 - 7 months
116
Can be heard by:
- Doppler:
- Fetoscope:
- Stethoscope:
Can be heard by:
- Doppler: 12 weeks AOG
- Fetoscope: 16 weeks AOG
- Stethoscope: 20 weeks AOG
117
Gender via outward appearance:
Gender via UTZ:
Gender via outward appearance:
~12 weeks
Gender via UTZ:
~16 weeks
118
Oxygen Saturation (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:
Oxygen Saturation (Normal Values)
Neonate: 80%
Adult: 90-100%
119
Hemoglobin (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:
Hemoglobin (Normal Values)
Neonate: 17.1 g/dL
Adult: 12-16 g/dL
120
Hematocrit (Normal Values)
Neonate:
Adult:
Hematocrit (Normal Values)
Neonate: 53%
Adult: 36 - 46%
121
Urine is formed:
Urine excretion:
Urine is formed: 12 weeks
Urine excretion: 16 weeks
122
Lanugo is formed:
Vernix caseosa is formed:
Subcutaneous fats ia formed:
Lanugo is formed: 16 weeks
Vernix caseosa is formed: 20 weeks
Subcutaneous fats ia formed: 8 months
123
Quickening
- fetal movement felt by mother. (When?)
20 weeks
124
"Duling"
Normal until 4mos due to weak extraocular muscles
Strabismus
125
Normal until 2-3mos due to immature lacrimal gland
Tearless cry
126
Extra Digits
Polydactyly
127
Lacking digits
Oligodactyly
128
Fused digits
Syndactyly
129
Starts with Ovulation and Ends with Fertilization
OVUM
130
Fertilization to implantation
Duration: Good for 2 weeks
ZYGOTE
131
Starts in 3weeks to 8weeks after implantation (approximately 2 months)
EMBRYO
132
9 weeks (2mos and 1week) until Birth
FETUS
133
When do you called a child full term?
37 weeks to 42 weeks
134
- Increase in physical size of a child
- Pertains to Quantitative Change (involves numbers)
GROWTH
135
- Increase in skills and functions
- Qualitative Change (words)
DEVELOPMENT
136
How to measure Developmental Changes?
1. Direct Observation
2. Note the parent's description
3. Assessment tool: DDST (Denver Devt Screening Test) - International tool Reco by WHO
137
1st exam:
2nd exam:
3rd exam:
1st exam: @ 3mos old
2nd exam: @ 10mos old
3rd exam: @ 3 y/o
138
4 areas assessed by DDST
1. Language - ability of the child to communicate @ 2y/o
2. Play Social - ability of the child to interact @ 2y/o
3. Fine Motor Skills (aka Pre-Hensile Ability) - ability to use fingers; pincer grasp; ability to pick up small things
4. Gross Motor - ability to use large body muscles
139
3 Gem Layers
Ectoderm - Outer layer
Mesoderm - Middle layer
Ento/Endo - Inner layer
140
Brain
CNS
Skin
5 Senses
Hair
Anus
Mouth
Nails
ECTODERM
141
Heart
Reproductive
Musculoskeletal
Kidneys
MESODERM
142
Thyroid
Thymus
Liver
GI Lining
ENTO/ENDODERM
143
Organ formation
Critical in the first trimester due to presence of teratogens
FETAL ORGANOGENESIS
144
Can lead to cleft lip/palate
STEROIDS
145
Staining of teeth to child
@ 6mos brownish teeth discoloration
TETRACYCLINE
146
Damages the fetal CN8: Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear
Can lead to deafness
QUININE/STREPTOMYCIN
147
Child can experience Amelia or Hocomelia
THALIDOMIDES
148
Quickening: fetal movt felt by mother
- Multigravida:
- Primigravida:
Quickening: fetal movt felt by mother
- Multigravida: @ 16-18 weeks
- Primigravida: @ 18-20 weeks
149
INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- to confirm pregnancy
- determine AOG
- determine site of implantation
- determine if there are Multiple Fetus
1ST TRIMESTER
150
INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- determine gender
- determime placental location
2ND TRIMESTER
151
INDICATIONS FOR UTZ:
- determine fetal size and position
3RD TRIMESTER
152
These are usually done Near term/Delivery
Known as Fetal APGAR
BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE SCORING
